neuro

Question 1

common migraine preventative meds

Answer 1

cyproheptadine, topamax

Question 2

most common malignant brain tumor of childhood

Answer 2

medulloblastoma

Question 3

headache, ataxia, obstructive hydrocephalus

Answer 3

medulloblastoma

Question 4

endocrinopathies, behavior changes, visual disturbances

Answer 4

craniopharyngioma
calcification in sella turcia
tx: surgery, radiation

Question 5

assoc with optic nerve glioma

Answer 5

NF

Question 6

cranial bruit in neonate

Answer 6

vein of Galen malformation

Question 7

causes of acute ataxia

Answer 7

vaccinations
post viral
tox

Question 8

recurrent resp infections, eye pigmentation, CNS findings

Answer 8

ataxia telangiectasia
AR
inc risk of lymphoma/leukemia

Question 9

clumsy gait, elevated plantar arch, no LE DTRs, cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

Friedrich ataxia

AR

Question 10

meds that cause ataxia

Answer 10

AEDs

thallium

Question 11

meds that cause tremor

Answer 11

amphetamines
VPA
phenothiazines
TCAs

Question 12

chorea, hypotonia, emotional lability

Answer 12

Huntingon chorea

AD

Question 13

difference with juvenile Huntington

Answer 13

present with rigidity

Question 14

tics

Answer 14

repetitive, improve/disappear with purposeful movement, can be suppressed

Question 15

stereotypies

Answer 15

rocking, hand flapping

Question 16

tx Tourette’s

Answer 16

habit reversal training

rx only if interfering with daily activities

Question 17

fever, abrupt onset weakness and decreased reflexes

Answer 17

transverse myelitis
usually spontaneous recovery
pain on palpation of spinal cord
need MRI with gad

Question 18

steroids in spinal cord compression vs spinal trauma

Answer 18

dex for compression

methylpred for trauma

Question 19

tx Guillain Barre

Answer 19

IVIG, pheresis

Question 20

tx myasthenia

Answer 20

pyridostigmine
pheresis, plasma exchange
thymectomy can be curative in children

Question 21

ID in duchennes

Answer 21

often present, but usually mild

Question 22

dx duchennes

Answer 22

genetic testing for Xp21

CK always elevated even before sx

Question 23

inheritance duchennes

Answer 23

Xlinked
frequent spontaneous mutation
CK level can be elevated in female carriers

Question 24

cause of death in duchennes

Answer 24

heart failure

respiratory failure

Question 25

muscles with slow relaxation after contraction, distal muscle wasting, endocrinopathies

Answer 25

myotonic muscular distrophy AD CK levels may be normal

Question 26

dx myotonic muscular dystrophy

Answer 26

muscle biopsy

Question 27

risk factors for recurrence of febrile seizure

Answer 27

low fever at time of sz young age family hx short period of time between fever and seizure

Question 28

percent of febrile sz children who develop epilepsy

Answer 28

5%

Question 29

3 second spike and wave EEG

Answer 29

absence seizure

Question 30

what maneuver to induce absence seizure

Answer 30

hyperventilation

Question 31

tx absence seizure

Answer 31

ethosuximide | lamictal, VPA

Question 32

VPA SEs

Answer 32

cytopenias | liver and pancreas dysfn

Question 33

myoclonic jerks on waking, GTCs, absence seizures

Answer 33

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Question 34

EEG findings in JME

Answer 34

none

Question 35

tx JME

Answer 35

VPA, keppra

Question 36

hypsarrhythmia EEG

Answer 36

infantile spasms

Question 37

assoc with infantile spasms

Answer 37

tuberous sclerosis

Question 38

tx infantile spasms

Answer 38

ACTH | vigabatrin

Question 39

prognosis of infantile spasms

Answer 39

if developmental delay prior, poor prognosis

Question 40

centrotemporal spikes and slow waves EEG

Answer 40

benign rolandic epilepsy

Question 41

seizures at night, facial seizures (usually unilateral sensory involvement), aware but unable to speak

Answer 41

benign rolandic epilepsy

Question 42

inheritance benign rolandic epilepsy

Answer 42

dominant

Question 43

when to tx benign rolandic epilepsy

Answer 43

only after 3+ seizures

Question 44

when to attempt weaning of AEDs

Answer 44

if sz free for 2 years

Question 45

most common risk factor for developing CP

Answer 45

perinatal infection

Question 46

spastic quadriplegia with dystonia and strange movements

Answer 46

dyskinetic cerebral palsy

Question 47

stroke, elevated lactate, SNHL

Answer 47

mitochondrial disorder