Derm Terms

Question 1

eccrine gland

Answer 1

sweat gland over most of the body

• abbundant on palms, soles, and forehead
• does NOT cause odor

Question 2

Apocrine gland

Answer 2

in axillary and genital regions

• secretes into sac of hair folicle
• mixes with the bacteria and produces the odor

Question 3

Hair follicle types

Answer 3

Vellus Hairs- short and fine

Terminal Hairs- like on scalp and in the axilla

Question 4

Morphological characteristics of Skin Lesions

Answer 4

distiribution, shape, arrangment, border, margin, palpation

• localized: in one small area
• Regional: lesions in one part of the body
• Generalized/disseminated: lesions appear widely distributed or in multiple areas simultaneously

Question 5

Round/Discoid

Answer 5

• coin shape
• no central clearing
• umbillicated: having a small depression in the center

Question 6

Ovoid

Answer 6

Oval shape

Question 7

Annular

Answer 7

round with a central clearing and active margins

Question 8

Dermatomal

Answer 8

following a nerve segment

-notes whether it crosses the midline

Question 9

Target

Answer 9

pink maccules with purple central papules

Question 10

Serpiginous

Answer 10

Squiggly line rash

Question 11

Morbilliform

Answer 11

measles like rash

erythemous maculopapular lesions that become confluent on the face and body

Question 12

Distinct borders/margins vs. Indistinct

Answer 12

well define and able to draw a line around the area with confidence

-poorly defines and borders merge with normal skin

Question 13

Erythemous

Answer 13

redness: can be red, pink, salmon, coppery, reddish blue

Question 14

What to note with the palpation of a lesion

Answer 14

consitency, mobility, blanchable ( when you press on it with a slide does the redness go away). tenderness, depth of lesion, deviation of temperature

Question 15

ABCDEs of melanoma

Answer 15

asymetry, borders, color, diameter, evolution

Question 16

Primary vs Secondary lesions

Answer 16

Primary- arise from normal skin and important for diagnosis

Secondary- arise from changes in primary lesions and usually due to exogenous factors like itching

Question 17

Macule

Answer 17

Prim

• round non palpable
• <1cm in diameter
• circumscribed color change

Question 18

Patch

Answer 18

Prim

• flat not palpable
• can have an rregular shape
• > 1cm in di
• typ hyper or hypo pigmented

Question 19

Papule

Answer 19

Prim

• palpable and firm
• <1cm
• circumscribed can be flesh, brown, or red colored
• can be confluent

Question 20

Plaque

Answer 20

Prim

• elevated and firm
• palpable
• > 1cm in diameter

Question 21

Nodule

Answer 21

Prim

• elevated and circumscribed
• often >1.5cm
• deeper and firmer than a papule
• can be compressable, soft, rubbery or firm

Question 22

Tumor

Answer 22

Prim

• Large nodule
• deerer in the dermis
• > 2cm

Question 23

Wheal

Answer 23

Prim

• irregular shape
• Transient( comes and goes)
• superficial edema
• like a hive (urtucaria) or a welt

Question 24

Vesicle

Answer 24

Prim

• Elevated
• well circumscribed
• <1cm in di
• contain clear fluid

Question 25

Bulla

Answer 25

Prim -elevated and well circumscribed ->1cm Filled with serous fluid

Question 26

Pustule

Answer 26

Prim - elevatedand superficial - filled with pus - well circumscribed

Question 27

Furuncle

Answer 27

Prim - infection of a single hair - often with staph aureus - "boil"

Question 28

Carbuncle

Answer 28

Prim - infection of multiple hair follicles - can form an abscess

Question 29

Crust

Answer 29

Sec - dried residue of serum, pus, or blood - adherent - like a scab

Question 30

Scale

Answer 30

sec - hyperkeratosis - accumulation of the stratum corneum - like psoriasis

Question 31

Fissure

Answer 31

sec - linear cleft in the skin - often painful - caused by dry, rough, low elasticy

Question 32

Erosion

Answer 32

sec - partial or complete loss of the epidermis - moist oozing and/or crusted lesion

Question 33

Ulcer

Answer 33

sec | -Deeper than an erosion; usually losing part/all of the dermis

Question 34

Excoriations

Answer 34

Sec - Exogenous injury to all or part of the dermis - may be linear or round - typ due to scratching

Question 35

Skin Atrophy 1. Epidermal 2. Dermal

Answer 35

1. epidermal: Thinning of the epidermis> wrinkly shiny skin 2. Dermal Atropy: loss of dermal collagen and/or elastin which leads to a depresson ex: stretch marks

Question 36

Lichenification

Answer 36

Sec Thickening of the epidermis increased visability of the skin markings

Question 37

Petchiae

Answer 37

Vascular lesion -deep red and purple -

Question 38

Purpura

Answer 38

Vascular lesion - the purple patches that old people get - deep red and purple - >.5cm - round and irregular - non blanchable

Question 39

Eccymosis

Answer 39

vasuclar | -bruising

Question 40

Spider Angiomas

Answer 40

Vascular - fiery red lesions - up to 2cm - usually central body with radiating legs - BLANCH with pressure - typically found in healthy women and childre OR liver disease in the elderly

Question 41

Cherry Angiomas

Answer 41

``` Vascular - bright red papule - look like red moles 1-6cm non blanchable - genetic ```

Question 42

Telangiectasis

Answer 42

Vascular - per dialated superficial blood vessels - red to violet in color - BLANCH

Question 43

Hemangioma

Answer 43

Vasc - benign vascular noplasm that is the most comon tumor in infants - red, irregular lesion from the dialation of dermal capillaries - will spontaneously involute

Question 44

Papulosquamous Lesion

Answer 44

Papules, plaques, and scales

Question 45

Vessiculobullos Lesions

Answer 45

Vessicles and bullae

Question 46

Maculopapular lesions

Answer 46

Macules and papules | - like drug eruptions

Question 47

Clubbing of the Finger

Answer 47

rounded and may feel spongy - if you put the backs of the fingers together and there is no space just above the nail than you have clubbling "schamroth's sign"

Question 48

Beau's lines

Answer 48

transverse depression secondary to trauma or illness | - these will grow out with the nail

Question 49

Paronychia

Answer 49

inflammation of the proximal and lateral nail folds | Acute is less then 6wks

Question 50

Onychocryptosis

Answer 50

Ingrown toe nail

Question 51

Terry's nails

Answer 51

Mostly white nail with a distal band of red and brown

Question 52

Leukonychia

Answer 52

trauma to the nail that will cause a white spot

Question 53

Koilonychia

Answer 53

Spooning of the nail

Question 54

Onycholysis

Answer 54

Painless separation of the nail from the nailbed

Question 55

Nail pitting

Answer 55

Small punctate depressions in the nail | -caused by nail matrix inflammation