Neuro/sports physical

Question 1

steppage gait

Answer 1

drags foot or lifts leg really high they lift there leg up higher
b/c peroneal nerve inj or spinal nerve compression
B: ALS, Charcot-marie-tooth disease

Question 2

Spastic Hemiparesis

Answer 2

drag toe, circle leg stiffly outward and forward, and lean trunk contralateral side
+ affected arm is flexed
-often with stroke

Question 3

Scissors Gait

Answer 3

• pt advances each leg slow and the thighs tend to cross

- seen in spasticity disorders > cerebral palsy

Question 4

Sensory Ataxia

Answer 4

unsteady gait and wide stance 
-throw feet forward and outward with double tap
-often watch ground 
becuase loss proprioception 
> peripheral neuropathy

Question 5

Parkinsonian Gait

Answer 5

stooped posture with head, arm, hip, knee flexion
-shufflinf short steps; slow to start
cause: basal ganglia abnormalities
>parkinsons

Question 6

Trendelenburg gait

Answer 6

pelvic drop leadding to waddle
-due to hip abductor weakness
U: spinal nerve compression (sup glut nerve inj)
B: musclular dystrophy

Question 7

Romberg test

Answer 7

Stand wit feet together and eyes close
+ if unable to maintain upright posture
-test position sense
*post collun disease

Question 8

Pronator Drift

Answer 8

stand with eyes closed elevate arms to shoulder level with palms up
abnormal: unable to keep arms up and or arm pronates and drifts down
> UMN lesion= possible stroke

Question 9

Heel to Shin Test

Answer 9

Place heel at opposite knee slide down leg and backup
-should keep contact
Ab: cerebellar disease > heel over shoots knee and foot oscillates side to side
position sese- heel lifts to hight

Question 10

Finger to Nose Test

Answer 10

ask pt to touch their finger to there nose and to you finger quickly and youll move your arms
Ab: dystmetria( go past finger)
intention tremor -MS
cerebellar disease

Question 11

Rapid alternating movements

Answer 11

Pt places hands on thighs and alternate palms up and down

ab= dysdiadokineasia
>cerebellar disease

Question 12

Abnormality of CN III

Answer 12

Veritcal and hortixonal diplopia

-ptosis

Question 13

CN IV abnormality

Answer 13

Vertical diplopia

Question 14

CN VI abnormal

Answer 14

Hortizontal diplopia

esotropia

Question 15

Peripheral vs central CN VII problem

Answer 15

Bells Palsy- peripheral unlateral

Central- cerebral infart

Question 16

CN IX abnormal

Answer 16

No gag reflex, lost of posterior taste

Question 17

Vagus abnormality

Answer 17

• poor ah quality
• asymetry palate rase
• hoarsness, dyspnea, dysarthria
• loss of gag relflex

Question 18

CN XII abnormal

Answer 18

central lesion- toungue deviation away

Peripheral lesion- toungue deviate to affected side

Question 19

Allodynia

Answer 19

pain elicited from non painful stimulus

Question 20

C5 dermatome

Answer 20

lateral upper arms

Question 21

C6 dermatome

Answer 21

radial forearm and thumb

Question 22

C7 derm

Answer 22

middle finger

Question 23

C8 derm

Answer 23

ring and little finger

Question 24

T1 derm

Answer 24

ulnar forearm

Question 25

T4 derm

Answer 25

nipple line

Question 26

T10 derm

Answer 26

umbilicus

Question 27

L1 derm

Answer 27

inguinal region

Question 28

L3 derm

Answer 28

ant proximal thigh

Question 29

L4 derm

Answer 29

knee and medial shin

Question 30

L5 derm

Answer 30

lateral shin dorsal foot GREAT TOE

Question 31

s1 serm

Answer 31

lateral plantar foot

Question 32

Static tremors

Answer 32

seen at rest | "pill rolling"- parkinsons

Question 33

Postural

Answer 33

seen when affected area maintains posture | > hyperthyroid, anxiety, fatigue, essential tremor

Question 34

Intention tremor

Answer 34

absent at rest appears with movement | MS

Question 35

Tics

Answer 35

breig repetative twitchings - can be verbal or phycial > tourettes or medications

Question 36

Dystonia

Answer 36

twisted posture of large body parts | > medications, spasmodic torticollis

Question 37

Dyskinesia

Answer 37

bizarre, rhythmic, repetative moements | -parkinsons diesaes psychoses or meds

Question 38

Akathisia

Answer 38

inability to sit still | >medications

Question 39

Chorea

Answer 39

breif jerky rapid upredictable movements | >huntingtons disease rheumatic fever

Question 40

Athestosis

Answer 40

slow twisting writhing movements | -cerebral palsy

Question 41

Shoulder abduction

Answer 41

C5 | Axillary

Question 42

Elbow flx

Answer 42

C5 6 | musculocutaneous

Question 43

elbow ext

Answer 43

c6 c7 | radial

Question 44

wrist ext

Answer 44

c6 c7 | radial

Question 45

wrist flx

Answer 45

C7 C8 | median

Question 46

finger abduction

Answer 46

C8 T1 | ulnar

Question 47

Thumb Opposition

Answer 47

C8 T1 Median

Question 48

Bicepts DTR

Answer 48

C5 C6

Question 49

Brachioradialis

Answer 49

C5 C6

Question 50

Tricepts DTR

Answer 50

C6 C7

Question 51

Patella DTR

Answer 51

L4

Question 52

Achilles DTR

Answer 52

S1

Question 53

CLonus

Answer 53

dorsi flex and plantar flex ankle repetedly - thin briskly dorsi flex ankle - will have rhythmic oscillations - confirm by check at wrist

Question 54

Babinski

Answer 54

L5 S1 stroke lateral aspect of foot from heel to ball >normal for toes to flex Ab: greater toe ext or fan out > suggest lesion of corticospinal tract

Question 55

Superficial abdonial reflex

Answer 55

stroke abdomen toward umbilicus normal- muscle contracts toward umbilicus > central and peripheral pathologies

Question 56

Cremasteric Reflex

Answer 56

stroke proximal medial thigh -normal for ipsilateral testical to rise L1 L2 nerve inj

Question 57

Brudzinski Sign

Answer 57

Supine then flex patient neck norm: patient remains relaxed abnorma: hip and knee flexion > signs of menigeal inflammation

Question 58

Kernig Sign

Answer 58

flex pt hip and knee and then straighten the knee | anormal: back pain and resistant indicating mengial irriation