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Derma Ramos - Eczema Flashcards

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1
Q

A non-contagious, pruritic, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by: erythema, papules, vesicles, crusting, scaling and lichenification

A

Eczema

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2
Q

Eczema is often regarded synonymous with

A

Dermatitis

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3
Q

Acute stage of eczema presents with

A

Erythema, papules, vesicles, crusting

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4
Q

Chronic stage of eczema presents with

A

Scaling and lichenification

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5
Q

2 classifications of eczema

A

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

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6
Q

Extrinsic eczema

A

Irritant contact dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Photodermatitis

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7
Q

Intrinsic dermatitis

A 
Seborrheic dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis
Dyshidrotic eczema
Atopic dermatitis
Lichen simplex chronicus
Stasis dermatits
Xerotic eczema
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8
Q

Occurs when the skin is exposed acutely or chronically to chemical or physical agents that irritate the skin

A

Irritant contact dermatitis

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9
Q

Delayed or cell-mediated type hypersentivity

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

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10
Q

Irradiation by UV light results in the transformation of certain substances into allergens or irritants

A

Photodermatitis

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11
Q

Chronic, inflammatory papulosquamous skin disorder related to high load of Ptyrosporum yeast on the skin

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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12
Q

Annular coin-shaped pruritic plaques

A

Nummular dermatitis

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13
Q

Papulovesicular dermatitis of hands and feet

A

Dyshidrotic eczema

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14
Q

A chronic and recurrent inflammatory dermatologic condition marked by severe pruritus causing excoriations, lichenification, and susceptibility to skin infections

A

Atopic dermatitis

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15
Q

A localized plaque of chronic eczematous inflammation resulting from habitual rubbing and scratching

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

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16
Q

An eczematous dermatitis of the legs associated with edema, varicosed/ dilated veins and hyperpigmentation

A

Stasis/ gravitational dermatitis

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17
Q

Eczema due to dryness of the skin

A

Asteatotic / xerotic eczema

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18
Q

Detergents

A

Irritant contact dermatitis

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19
Q

Nickel

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

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20
Q

Tetracycline

A

Photodermatitis

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21
Q

Pitysporum yeast

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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22
Q

wool

A

Atopic dermatitis

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23
Q

Rubbing alcohol

A

Asteatotic/ xerotic eczema

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24
Q

Diagnostic criteria
Atopic dermatitis
How many major and minor features

A

Major features

Minor features

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25
Non-allergenic in nature, no previous sensitization necessary
Irritant contact dermatitis
26
Solvents
Irritant contact dermatitis
27
Rubber
Allergic cd
28
Paraben
Allergic cd
29
Water
Irritant cd
30
Sulfa drugs
Photodermatitis
31
Generally begins early in life and characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation
Atopic d
32
Related to altered lipid composition of the stratum corneum and to other subtle changes in epidermal differentiation
Asteatotic / xerotic eczema
33
Alkalis
Irritant cd
34
Formaldehyde
Allergic cd
35
Benzocaine
Allergic cd
36
Neomycin `
Allergic cd
37
Citrus
Photodermatitis
38
Mulberry
Photodermatitis
39
Seborrheic dermatitis is more severe among ptx w/
Neurolgic dse and HIV infection
40
Nummular dermatitis is often assoc with this condition
Atopy
41
Sex predilection of AD
Males have an earlier onset | Females have worse prognosis
42
Immunologic rxns associated with this type of eczema are: hypersensitivity rxns, impaired immunoregulation of IgE and increased mast cell releasability
AD
43
Acids
Irritant cd
44
Medications
Allergic cd | And photodermatitis
45
Preservative chemicals
Allergic cd
46
Hair dye
Allergic cd
47
Dry or cold weather
``` Irritant cd Xerotic eczema (low humidity/ cold season) ```
48
Urine
Irritant cd
49
Fragrances
Allergic cd And Atopic
50
Rubber
Allergic cd
51
Henna
Allergic cd
52
Acrylic clothing
Atopic
53
Cosmetics
Atopic
54
Soaps
Atopic
55
Cleaning agents
Atopic
56
Alcohol containing products
Atopic
57
Sweating
Derma
58
Changes in temp
Atopic
59
Physical and emotional stresses
Atopic
60
Major features of atopic
Pruritus Flexural lichenification or linearity in adults Facial and extensor involvement in infant and children Chronic or chronically relapsing dermatitis Personal or family history of atopy (asthma, allergic rhinitis, AD)
61
Minor features of AD
Xerosis Ichthyosis/ palmar hyperlinearity/ keratosis pilaris Immediate (type I) skin test reactivity Elevated serum IgE Early age of onset Tendencuy toward cutaneous infection. Impaired cell-mediated immunity ``` Tendency toward nonspecific hand or foot dermatitis Nipple eczema Cheilitis Recurrent conjunctivitis Dennie-Morgan infraorbital fold Keratoconus Anterior subscapular cataracts Orbital darkening Facial pallor/ facial erythema Pityriasis alba Anterior neck folds Itch when sweating Intolerance to wool and lipid solvents Perifollicular accentuation Food allergy Course influenced by environmental / emotional factors White dermatographism/ delayed blanch ```
62
Xerotic eczema worse during
Low humidity/ cold season
63
Caused by an allergen
Allergic cd | Atopic cd
64
Mild cases irritant cd
Erythema
65
Moderate to severe cases of irritant cd
Swelling, blistering, ulceration
66
Lesions develop right after exposure and are limited to the areas of skin that have been in contact with the irritant
Irritant congtact dermatitis
67
Lesions initially appear on the site of contact, but may later affect other sites or entire integument
Allergic cd
68
Irradiation by ultraviolet light results in the transformation of certain substances into allergens
Photoallergic
69
Irradiation by ultraviolet light results in the transformation of certain substances into irritants
Phototoxic
70
Citrus and mulberry A. Phototoxic B. Photoallergic
A. Phototoxic
71
Greasy and scaly confluent papules on erythematous base
Seborrheic dermatitis
72
Is dyshidrotic eczema is related to sweating
No
73
Acute cases of allergic cd
Pruritic papules and vesicles on an erythematous base
74
Chronic cases allergic cd
Lichenified plaques
75
Common sites of seborrheic dermatitis
``` Scalp Eyebrows Eyelashes Nasolabial folds Paranasal skin External skin canal Presternal area ```
76
Thiazides
Photodermatitis
77
Common sites of lichen simplex chronicus
Wrists, ankles, anogenital area (anus, vulva, scrotum), posterior neck, upper eyelids
78
Common sites of asteatotic or xerotic eczema
Lower legs, forearms, hands
79
Tx contact dermatitis
``` Prevention and avoidance of contact with irritant or allergen Barrier creams, non-alkaline cleansers Topical steroids Oral antihistamines Oral antibiotics Oral steroids, in severe cases ```
80
Facial seborrheic dermatitis tx
Topical antifungal creams (azoles) Antidandruff shampoo or soap with zinc pyrithione or selenium sulfide (facial wash) Mild steroid creams/ lotions Topical immune modulators
81
Scalp lesions | Seborrheic dermatitis tx
Antifungal / antidandruff shampoosL: ketoconazole, ciclopirox, tar, salicylic cid, elenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione Topical steroid lotion Severe cases: oral antifungal
82
Nummular dermatitis | Tx
Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide
83
Dyshidrotic eczema tx
Topical or intralesional steroid | Oral prednisone - severe
84
AD | Tx
``` Patient education Avoidance of triggers Emollients Topical corticosteroids Topical immune modulators Antihistamines Antibiotics - secondary bacterial infection Phototherapy ```
85
Lichen simplex chronicus tx
Stress management Oral antihistamines Topical steroid ointment Intralesional steroid injection
86
Stasis/ gravitational dermatitis tx
``` Leg elevation Leg compression - stockings, ext. pneumatic compression devices Wet compress for 10-20 mins BID for acute exudative inflammation (KMNO4, Burrow’s, normal saline) Topical steroids Oral antihistamines Oral antibiotics, if indicated Pentoxyfilline 400 mg BID- TID Bland emollient Sclerotherapy Vein stripping ```
87
Xerotic eczema tx
Inc water intake Bathe only once daily with tepid water Avoid drying agents: rubbing alcohol, harsh soaps, detergents Limite exposure to cold temp and wind Apply unscented emollients after bath and whenever necessary - petroleum jelly, urea- containing/ lotion, lactic acid Apply low-potency steroid ointment

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