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Role 2 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

macule

A

a small patch of skin that is altered in colour but is not elevated.

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2
Q

patch

A

a large area of colour change, with a smooth surface.

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3
Q

papule

A

elevated, solid, palpable lesion that is ≤ 1 cm in diameter. They may be solitary or multiple

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4
Q

plaque

A

An elevated area of skin 2 cm. or more in diameter. It may be formed by a coalescence of papules or nodules. The surface area is greater than its height.

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5
Q

ABCDE warning signs of skin cancer

A 
Asymmetry
Boarders irregular
Color
Diameter greater than 6mm
Every sore that does not heal, or bleeds easily
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6
Q

Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) is found on which parts of the body usually?

A

dorsal forearms, face, ears, and bald scalps

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7
Q

Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) description

A

ill defined pinkish scaling papule to patch

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8
Q

what types of people are at risk for Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis)?

A

fair skin and construction workers

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9
Q

what can Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) turn into?

A

situ squamous cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) treatment

A

cryotherapy, topical exfoliation with Retin A Micro or Effudex, chemical peal

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11
Q

Most common cancer in humans?

A

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

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12
Q

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) treatment

A

cryotherapy, ED&C, Mohs microsurgery, wide excision for larger lesions

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13
Q

cryotherapy

A

freeze, thaw, two cycles

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14
Q

ED&C

A

electrodessication and curettage

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15
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can metastasize where?

A

to local lymph nodes and other organs

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16
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treatment

A

wide excision

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17
Q

Lentigo Maligna begins as what?

A

a lentigo (sun spot) and spreads over years

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18
Q

Lentigo Maligna description

A

darker colored papules developed with the lesion

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19
Q

Does melanoma spread slow or fast?

A

fast

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20
Q

How is melanoma treated?

A

wide excision and possible sentinel node biopsy

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21
Q

Extramammary Padgets Disease is most commonly found in which people?

A

elderly

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22
Q

Extramammary Padgets Disease treatment

A

excision, often use Mohs and allow to heal by secondary intent

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23
Q

Mohs surgery

A

thin layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains.

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24
Q

A rare adenocarcinoma

A

Extramammary Padgets Disease

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25
Q

Bowen’s Disease is what kind of cancer in situ?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

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26
Q

Bowen’s Disease often stimulates what?

A

inflammatory dermatitis

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27
Q

Bowen’s Disease usually effects which location on the body

A

any location including mucous membranes

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28
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis, Keloids, Skin tags, Dermatofibroma, Lipoma and Epidermal cysts are all what?

A

benign

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29
Q

Tinea Capitis (what is it and give description)

A

fungal infection of scalp

Red papules surrounded by short broken hairs, patchy baldness

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30
Q

TInea Pedia

A

fungal infection of foot

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31
Q

Onychomycosis

A

fungal infection of toenail

32
Q

Tinea corporis

A

ringworm on the body

33
Q

Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor)

A

fungus infection on the body that can cause hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation

34
Q

Penlac

A

nail polish that can treat fungal infefctions

35
Q

Nizoral

A

anti dandruff shampoo, comes in cream and orally

36
Q

what age group usually gets Pityrosporum Folliculitis?

A

young to middle aged

37
Q

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur)

A

yeast infection of a follicle

38
Q

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur) description

A

Pruritic, follicular, papulopustular

39
Q

Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor) treatment

A

Nizoral cream, shampoo or oral

40
Q

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur) treatment

A

Nizoral cream, shampoo or oral

extreme cases add an oral antifungal

41
Q

Intertrigo

A

inflammatory reaction usually to candida

42
Q

Intertrigo is usually found on which types of people?

A

Diabetics and Obese people

43
Q

Intertrigo treatment

A

correct causative factors by use of (air conditioners, hair dryer after bathing, absorbent powders, cotton undergarments)

Topical steroids and antifungal agents if severe

44
Q

Perleche (what is it and what can cause it)

A

sores or crusts at the corners of mouth, not contagious, cause could be vitamin deficiency

45
Q

One hand two foot syndrome also known as

A

Tinea Pedis

46
Q

Tinea Pedis treatment

A

vinegar soaks and topical regularly

Terbinafine is more effective than griseofulvin

47
Q

Topical antifungals are not effective for which problems

A

Tinea Capitis and nails

48
Q

What kind of fungus is Tinea Capitis

A

t tonsurans

49
Q

Tinea Capitis usually occurs around which age group? who gets it more, male or female?

A

8-10 years old
Pre-pubertal boys>girls
Post-pubertal girls> boys

50
Q

Tinea Capitis will have lymphadenopathy or no?

A

yes

51
Q

what test should you do with Tinea Capitis?

A

culture of skin and hair shafts

52
Q

Cradle cap treatment

A

topical olive oil once or twice a day
low potency topical corticosteroid for severe cases
Refer to Derm

53
Q

Tinea Capitis treatment

A

Terbinafine topical for 4-8 weeks
oral available
Griseofulvin oral for 6-8 weeks

54
Q

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis)

A

fungal infection of nail

55
Q

paronychia

A

infection of tissue folds around nail

56
Q

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis) treatment for toenails

A

Terbinafine for 12 weeks
Itraconazole for 4 months
Flucanazole (see specialist)

57
Q

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis) treatment for fingernails

A

Terbinafine for 6 weeks
Itraconazole for 4 months
Flucanazole (see specialist)

58
Q

Salicyclic acid and benzoyl peroxide is found in OTC treatments for which problem?

A

Acne

59
Q

Tretinoin

A

first line treatment for acne (Retinoid)

60
Q

can pregnant people have retinoids for acne?

A

NO

61
Q

Azelaic acid

A

second line treatment for acne (Retinoid) if patient cant tolerate Tretinoin

62
Q

Adapalene and Tazarotene

A

Retinoid treatment for acne

63
Q

Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Dapsone

A

topical antibiotics for acne

64
Q

Topical antibiotic adverse effects for acne

A

oiliness/peeling, dryness, burning, erythema

65
Q

Oral antibiotics for Acne treatment

A

first line: Tetracycline, Doxy, Minocycline

second line: Erythromycin, Bactrim

66
Q

Tetracycline, Doxy, Minocycline are used for what and what is a side effect

A

first line oral antibiotics for acne treatment

ALL INCREASE SUN SENSITIVITY

67
Q

Erythromycin, Bactrim are used for what and what is a side effect

A

second line oral antibiotics for acne treatment

ROUGH ON GI SYSTEM

68
Q

Drospirenone (Yaz) and Norgestimate (Cyclen, Tri-cyclen) are used for what?

A

acne treatment

69
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

scaly skin seen around scalp

70
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis treatment

A

topical antifungals, shampoos

71
Q

Ketaconazole cream, Bifonazole cream, Cicopirox shampoo are used for?

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

72
Q

What do we do for hyperpigmentation?

A

first r/o melanoma then send to derm where they can do skin bleaching

73
Q

what must a patient do if they are using topical bleaching agents for hyperpigmentation?

A

sunscreen

74
Q

Impetigo

A

honey colored crusted lesions on erythematous skin

75
Q

Mupirocin (bactroban), Altabax topical is used for which problem?

A

Impetigo

76
Q

How do you treat Bacterial Folliculitis?

A

same treatment as acne

Role 2 (13 decks)

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