Dermatology Flashcards by Rachel Cloke

macule

a small patch of skin that is altered in colour but is not elevated.

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patch

a large area of colour change, with a smooth surface.

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papule

elevated, solid, palpable lesion that is ≤ 1 cm in diameter. They may be solitary or multiple

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plaque

An elevated area of skin 2 cm. or more in diameter. It may be formed by a coalescence of papules or nodules. The surface area is greater than its height.

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ABCDE warning signs of skin cancer

Asymmetry
Boarders irregular
Color
Diameter greater than 6mm
Every sore that does not heal, or bleeds easily

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Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) is found on which parts of the body usually?

dorsal forearms, face, ears, and bald scalps

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Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) description

ill defined pinkish scaling papule to patch

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what types of people are at risk for Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis)?

fair skin and construction workers

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what can Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) turn into?

situ squamous cell carcinoma

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Actinic Keratosis (Solar Keratosis) treatment

cryotherapy, topical exfoliation with Retin A Micro or Effudex, chemical peal

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Most common cancer in humans?

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) treatment

cryotherapy, ED&C, Mohs microsurgery, wide excision for larger lesions

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cryotherapy

freeze, thaw, two cycles

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ED&C

electrodessication and curettage

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can metastasize where?

to local lymph nodes and other organs

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treatment

wide excision

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Lentigo Maligna begins as what?

a lentigo (sun spot) and spreads over years

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Lentigo Maligna description

darker colored papules developed with the lesion

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Does melanoma spread slow or fast?

fast

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How is melanoma treated?

wide excision and possible sentinel node biopsy

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Extramammary Padgets Disease is most commonly found in which people?

elderly

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Extramammary Padgets Disease treatment

excision, often use Mohs and allow to heal by secondary intent

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Mohs surgery

thin layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains.

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A rare adenocarcinoma

Extramammary Padgets Disease

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Bowen's Disease is what kind of cancer in situ?

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

Bowen's Disease often stimulates what?

inflammatory dermatitis

Bowen's Disease usually effects which location on the body

any location including mucous membranes

Seborrheic Keratosis, Keloids, Skin tags, Dermatofibroma, Lipoma and Epidermal cysts are all what?

benign

Tinea Capitis (what is it and give description)

fungal infection of scalp Red papules surrounded by short broken hairs, patchy baldness

TInea Pedia

fungal infection of foot

Onychomycosis

fungal infection of toenail

Tinea corporis

ringworm on the body

Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor)

fungus infection on the body that can cause hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation

Penlac

nail polish that can treat fungal infefctions

Nizoral

anti dandruff shampoo, comes in cream and orally

what age group usually gets Pityrosporum Folliculitis?

young to middle aged

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur)

yeast infection of a follicle

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur) description

Pruritic, follicular, papulopustular

Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor) treatment

Nizoral cream, shampoo or oral

Pityrosporum Folliculitis (Malassezia furfur) treatment

Nizoral cream, shampoo or oral | extreme cases add an oral antifungal

Intertrigo

inflammatory reaction usually to candida

Intertrigo is usually found on which types of people?

Diabetics and Obese people

Intertrigo treatment

correct causative factors by use of (air conditioners, hair dryer after bathing, absorbent powders, cotton undergarments) Topical steroids and antifungal agents if severe

Perleche (what is it and what can cause it)

sores or crusts at the corners of mouth, not contagious, cause could be vitamin deficiency

One hand two foot syndrome also known as

Tinea Pedis

Tinea Pedis treatment

vinegar soaks and topical regularly | Terbinafine is more effective than griseofulvin

Topical antifungals are not effective for which problems

Tinea Capitis and nails

What kind of fungus is Tinea Capitis

t tonsurans

Tinea Capitis usually occurs around which age group? who gets it more, male or female?

8-10 years old Pre-pubertal boys>girls Post-pubertal girls> boys

Tinea Capitis will have lymphadenopathy or no?

yes

what test should you do with Tinea Capitis?

culture of skin and hair shafts

Cradle cap treatment

topical olive oil once or twice a day low potency topical corticosteroid for severe cases Refer to Derm

Tinea Capitis treatment

Terbinafine topical for 4-8 weeks oral available Griseofulvin oral for 6-8 weeks

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis)

fungal infection of nail

paronychia

infection of tissue folds around nail

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis) treatment for toenails

Terbinafine for 12 weeks Itraconazole for 4 months Flucanazole (see specialist)

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis) treatment for fingernails

Terbinafine for 6 weeks Itraconazole for 4 months Flucanazole (see specialist)

Salicyclic acid and benzoyl peroxide is found in OTC treatments for which problem?

Acne

Tretinoin

first line treatment for acne (Retinoid)

can pregnant people have retinoids for acne?

Azelaic acid

second line treatment for acne (Retinoid) if patient cant tolerate Tretinoin

Adapalene and Tazarotene

Retinoid treatment for acne

Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Dapsone

topical antibiotics for acne

Topical antibiotic adverse effects for acne

oiliness/peeling, dryness, burning, erythema

Oral antibiotics for Acne treatment

first line: Tetracycline, Doxy, Minocycline | second line: Erythromycin, Bactrim

Tetracycline, Doxy, Minocycline are used for what and what is a side effect

first line oral antibiotics for acne treatment ALL INCREASE SUN SENSITIVITY

Erythromycin, Bactrim are used for what and what is a side effect

second line oral antibiotics for acne treatment ROUGH ON GI SYSTEM

Drospirenone (Yaz) and Norgestimate (Cyclen, Tri-cyclen) are used for what?

acne treatment

Seborrheic Dermatitis

scaly skin seen around scalp

Seborrheic Dermatitis treatment

topical antifungals, shampoos

Ketaconazole cream, Bifonazole cream, Cicopirox shampoo are used for?

Seborrheic Dermatitis

What do we do for hyperpigmentation?

first r/o melanoma then send to derm where they can do skin bleaching

what must a patient do if they are using topical bleaching agents for hyperpigmentation?

sunscreen

Impetigo

honey colored crusted lesions on erythematous skin

Mupirocin (bactroban), Altabax topical is used for which problem?

Impetigo

How do you treat Bacterial Folliculitis?

same treatment as acne

Dermatology Flashcards

(76 cards)