Development Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the three development domains
physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development
What is physical development
Physical development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness
What is cognitive development
Physical development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness
What is psychosocial development
Psychosocial development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships
What is naturalistic observation
Naturalistic observations involve observing behaviour in its natural context. A developmental psychologist might observe how children behave on a playground, at a daycare centre, or in the child’s own home
What are the drawbacks of naturalistic observation
researchers have very little control over the types and/or frequencies of displayed behaviour.
What is a case study
In a case study, developmental psychologists collect a great deal of information from one individual in order to better understand physical and psychological changes over the lifespan. This particular approach is an excellent way to better understand individuals, who are exceptional in some way
What are the drawback of case studies
it is especially prone to researcher bias in interpretation, and it is difficult to generalize conclusions to the larger population.
What does the Psychosexual Theory of development propose
That personality develops during childhood. Freud states our personality and behaviours as adults are shaped by our childhood experiences.
Freud viewed development as __________
Discontinuous
What are Freuds stages called
Psychosexual development
According to Freud, children’s pleasure-seeking urges are _________
According to Freud children’s pleasure seeking urges are focused on different areas of the body called ENOGENOUS ZONE, at each of the five stages of development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
Eriksons psychosocial development theory emphasizes _____
The social nature of our development rather than its sexual nature
How we interact with others is what _________
How we interact with others is what affects our sense of self or ( ego identity)
We are motivated by a need to ______
Achieve competence on certain areas of our lives
Explain the psychosocial theory in terms of stages
Thé theory says we experiences eight stages of development over our lifespan, from infancy to adulthood. At each stages there is a conflict or task that we need to resolve. Successful completion of each developmental task results in a sense of competence and a healthy personality. Failure to master these task leads to feelings of inadequacy.
What happens in the Germinal Stage
- Soren and eggs unites to a single-celled zygotes
- Growth and development of the zygotes are guided by genetic insutirons coded in DNA within 46 chromosomes ( 23 from each parent)
- Sex is determined by specific chromosomes ( XX males and XY females)
- During the first week after conception, the zygotes divides and multiplies ( mitosis)
- As the cells divide, they becomes more specialized, forming different organs and body parts, One the mass of cells attaches to the lining of the uterus the next stage begins.
