development Flashcards
what are the 4 fields of development
gross motor
visual and fine motor
behaviour, emotional and social interactions
hearing language and speech
what are two important causes of developmental delay
neglect and child abuse
when to adjust for prematurity
use expected date til 2 years
What should child be able to do at birth
gross motor - limbs flexed, symmetrical posture, head lag on pulling up
hearing, speech and language - startles to loud noises
what gross motor tasks should child be able to do at (median ages): 6-8 weeks 6 months 8 months 9 months 10 months 12 months 15 months
6-8 weeks raise head to 45 deg when prone 6 months sit with round back 8 months sit with straight back 9 months crawl 10 months cruise on furniture 12 months walk unsteadily 15 months walk steadily
what fine motor/visual tasks should child be able to do at (median ages: 6 weeks 4 months 6 months 7 months 10 months 16-18 months 10 months - 14 years 2-5 years
6 weeks follow moving objects by turning face 4 months reach out for toys 6 months palmar grasp 7 months transfer toys from hand to hand 10 months mature pincer grip 16-18 months make marks with crayon 10 months - 4 years - towers out of blocks 2-5 years draw shapes
what fine speech/hearing tasks should child be able to do at (median ages): 3-4 months 7 months 7-10 months 12 months 18 months 20-24 months 2-3 years
3-4 months vocalises alone or when cued
7 months turns to sounds that it can’t see
7-10 months uses sounds to refer to parents
12 months uses words other than mama and dada
18 months uses other words (6-10)
20-24 months short phrases
2-3 years talks in 3-4 sentences
what fine social/emotional/behavioural tasks should child be able to do at (median ages): 6-8 months 10-12 months 12 months 18 months 18-24 months 2 years 2-3 years
6-8 months put food in mouth 10-12 months plays peek-a-boo 12 months waves with 2 hands 18 months holds spoon to eat 18-24 months symbolic play (with teddys and stuff) 2 years dry by day 2-3 years takes turns
progress of development for gross motor with limit ages 4 months 9 months 12 months 18 months
4 months head control
9 months sits unsupported
12 months stands stands independently
18 months walks independently
progress of development for visual/fine motor with limit ages 3 months 6 months 9 months 12 months
3 months fixes and follows objects
6 months reaches for objects
9 months transfers
12 months pincer grip
progress of development for hearing, speech and language with limit ages 7 months 10 months 18 months 2 years 2.5 years
7 months polysyllabic babble (making noise) 10 months consonant babble 18 months says words 2 years joins words with meaning 2.5 years 3 word sentences
what are the primitive reflexes
moro
grasp
suck
rooting (head turns to the side when you touch baby’s mouth)
stepping
asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (when on its back and you turn head the baby stretches its hand to that side)
what are the postural reflexes
labyrinthine righting - head tilts opposite way to fall
postural support - legs support weight if head vertical
propping - use arm to prop it up
parachute - if you pretend to drop it on its face then arms come out in front of it
what are the 2 newborn hearing tests
otoacoustic emmission - earphone produces sound which produces echo if cohclear function normal
auditory brainstem response - emit sound then analyse EEG
