Development Dynamics

Question 1

demography

Answer 1

study of people

Question 2

birth rates [2]

Answer 2

-number of babies born per 1000 per annum
-high development means low birth rates as it shows job opportunities and contraception and family planning facilities

Question 3

death rates [2]

Answer 3

-number of people dying per 1000 per year
-high development means low death rates as it shows low crime levels and advanced healthcare

Question 4

life expectancy [2]

Answer 4

-the average age you are expected to live
-high development means high life expectancy as it shows higher education and healthcare systems

Question 5

HDI [human development index] [3]

Answer 5

-measure of human development
-composite mixture= wealth, education and life expectancy
-measure of 0-1

Question 6

population per doctor [2]

Answer 6

-the number of doctors divided by the number of people in the population
-high development means low people per doctor as it shows high education, more available doctors

Question 7

GDP [gross domestic product] [2]

Answer 7

-the total value of goods and services a country produces in a year divided by the population
-high development means high gdp as it shows high production wealth

Question 8

literacy rates[2]

Answer 8

-the percentage of adults which can read and write above the age of 16
-high development means high literacy rates as it shows high education levels

Question 9

GNI [gross national income] [2]

Answer 9

-the value of a country’s goods and services, divided by the number of people living in that country
-high development means high gni as it shows wealth

Question 10

causes of global inequality [4]

Answer 10

-political reasons
-social reasons
-physical reasons
-historical reasons

Question 11

rostows development model [5]

Answer 11

-traditional society
-preconditions to take off
-take off
-drive to maturity
-age of high mass consumption

Question 12

criticism of rostows model [3]

Answer 12

-aimed at European countries
-overlooks other ways of development
-assumes all countries have the same resources [geographically /climate]

Question 13

the dependency theory [3]

Answer 13

-low levels of development in peripheral poor countries result from control from core rich countries
-exploitation of cheap production
-cash crops make peripheral countries dependant

Question 14

criticism of dependency theory

Answer 14

-countries that were never colonised, Ethiopia, are still poor, and some that were colonised are rich , Singapore, poor countries have become developed, Korea and socialist modeled countries have failed, Tanzania

Question 15

bottom-up biogas digester scale [2]

Answer 15

-small community, village
-by 2010 4million biogas plants have been built

Question 16

bottom-up biogas digester aims

Answer 16

provide gas to rural homes and also reduce time wasted on collecting firewood clearing up space for education

Question 17

bottom-up biogas digester funding

Answer 17

-NGO astra

Question 18

bottom-up biogas digester technology

Answer 18

-intermediate technology

Question 19

bottom-up biogas digester decision making

Answer 19

NGO’s will reach out to village and see what needs to be done

Question 20

top down sardar sarovar dam scale [2]

Answer 20

-big, impacts the whole country,
-narmada river has 3000 dams ,300 super dams in 100 year

Question 21

top down sardar sarovar dam aims

Answer 21

-encourage economic development by providing water and electricity for cities
-farm dry land using interigation

Question 22

top down sardar sarovar dam funding

Answer 22

-Japanese and Indian bank

Question 23

top down sardar sarovar dam technology

Answer 23

advanced technology

Question 24

top down sardar Sarovar dam decision making [2]

Answer 24

-Indian government
-234 villages flooded forcing 320,000 people out

Question 25

the core Maharashtra [4]

Answer 25

-next to Arabian sea
-hugely industrialised, good education
-clothing and engineering manufacturing
-big Bollywood industry, tourism

Question 26

the multiplier effect

Answer 26

chain of effect an upward spiral causing a region to develop

Question 27

the periphery bihar [5]

Answer 27

-8% of population is rural
-annual income is 6000 rupees ,£75
-poor transport
-HDI of 0.571
-47% literacy rates

Question 28

why is bihar still in the periphery [2]

Answer 28

-no surplus produce in farming so no investment
- women are married early and have a lot of children

Question 29

primary sector employment

Answer 29

extracting raw materials from the earth or sea , mining or farming

Question 30

secondary sector

Answer 30

manufacturing goods , converts raw material into products

Question 31

teritary service sector

Answer 31

providing a service , doctor

Question 32

quaternary sector

Answer 32

highly skilled workers, it sector

Question 33

attraction TNC investment [7]

Answer 33

-low labour cost
-rapid growth of India’s economy based on population
-competitiveness of Indian enterprises
-English-speaking workforce
-international development in trade
-tax exemption

Question 34

impacts of outsourcing [4]

Answer 34

-accent neutralisation
-time difference
-population increase competition
-mental health

Question 35

impacts of economic growth on india [3]

Answer 35

-rural to urban migration
-improved standards of living
-environmental concerns

Question 36

impact of the environment traffic [2]

Answer 36

-air pollution
-health problems

Question 37

impact of the environment waste [3]

Answer 37

-water pollution
-275 polluted rivers
-impacts health of animals and humans

Question 38

impact of the environment deforestation [2]

Answer 38

-biodiversity lost
-conversion of forests

Question 39

international role of india [3]

Answer 39

-G-20
-BRICS
-UN