development gap

Question 1

human development index

Answer 1

number calculated using life expectancy, literacy rate, education level and income per head

Question 2

problems with using measures of development singularly

Answer 2

averages- don’t show elite groups or variations within the country
areas of a country develop at different rates and times

Question 3

LEDC

Answer 3

less economically developed countries

Question 4

problems with just using simple classification of MEDC and LEDC and north and south

Answer 4

you cant see the rate of development

Question 5

rich industrial countries

Answer 5

most developed in the world- USA, UK

Question 6

country categories

Answer 6

rich industrial 
former communist 
newly industrialised
oil exporting 
heavily indebted

Question 7

standard of living

Answer 7

material wealth eg. cars

Question 8

quality of life

Answer 8

includes standard of living as well as safety and niceness of environment

Question 9

standard of living & quality of life

Answer 9

in general higher standard of living = higher quality of life
however could have nice car and house but live in warzone
different ideas of quality of life- uk = nice car, money, leisure. Ethiopia = fod, no violence, place to live

Question 10

environmental factors affecting development

Answer 10

poor climate- food production, less money to spent (economy), malnutrition
poor farming land (poor soil)
limited water
natural hazards (natural disasters)- money spent on rebuilding, injuries- quality of life
few raw materials- less money in, some countries don’t have infrastructure to exploit

Question 11

political factors affecting development

Answer 11

unstable government- lack of investment in public sector
corrupt government- poverty gap
war

Question 12

economic factors affecting development

Answer 12

poor trade links
lots of debt-less money to spend on development
economy based on primary products- less money than manufactured products, prices fluctuate, less added value

Question 13

social factors affecting development

Answer 13

drinking water- less illness and death- quality of life and workforce, money to treat
women in society- more developed if women have the same place as men in society- more workers, higher quality of life
child education- in future more skilled workers for better jobs- improves economy and quality of life

Question 14

how to improve your own quality of life yourself

Answer 14

rural-urban migration
improve environment eg. housing
communities working together

Question 15

fair trade

Answer 15

products more expensive- importers give exporters affair price. more money going into development of area around company.
only producers who treat workers well can take part
extra money makes them more efficient- more crops, lowers overall prices. companies outside scheme lose out

Question 16

trading groups

Answer 16

countries that reduce barriers of trade between them eg. import taxes. increases trade
poorer countries get more money
however- slows down development of countries outside trading group

Question 17

debt abolition

Answer 17

debt cancelled- money can go into development instead eg. Zimbabwe in 2005 had $4 billion cancelled

Question 18

conservation swaps

Answer 18

debt paid off in return for the country investing in conservation
eg. in 2008 the USA reduced Peru’s $25 million in exchange for them conserving their rainforests