population change Flashcards
natural increase
when the birth rate is higher than the death rate
what effects population growth
birth rate
death rate
migration
emancipation if women
better role in society- more jobs etc
urbanisation effects on population growth
more money- more possessions wanted so less children
agricultural change on population growth
less children needed for labour
social effects of population growth
extra stress on public services
children have to work to support families- lost education
not enough houses- makeshift housing (poor conditions- disease)
food shortages
economic effects- population growth
aren’t enough jobs- unemployment
increased poverty- poverty circle
political effects of population growth
government focus on young people with policies- less money in pensions
have to make policies to control population growth
ageing population- economic effects
higher taxes for public
slow economy growth- more money spent on retirement homes than growth
ageing population strategies- non sustainable
Encourage larger families eg. Italy gave cash rewards for children
encourage immigration of young people
non sustainable as they encourage population growth
ageing population strategies- sustainable
raise retirement age
raise taxes
sustainable as no population growth
immigration
moving into an area as an immigrant
emigration
moving out of an area as an emigrant
push factors
natural disaster
war
poor living conditions
unemployment
pull factors
job opportunities
better standard of living
