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Development (paeds) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of developmental delay

A

the gap between normal and abnormal development

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2
Q

what are the developmental fields

A

gross motor

fine motor

vision

hearing and speech

cognition and linguistic

social and emotional

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3
Q

what are prenatal causes of developmental delay

A

genertic ie downs

vascular (occlusions or bleeds)

metabolic (materna hypothyroidism)

Tetrogenic (alcohol or drugs)

congenital infections (rubella)

Neurocutanous syndrome ie neurofibromatosis

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4
Q

what are perinatal causes of developmental delay

A

prematurity linked intravascular haemorrage

asphixia causing HIE

hyperbilliruneamia

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5
Q

what are post natal causes of developmental delay

A

infections ie meningitis

anoxia (accidental,non accidental, seizures)

trauma

vascular ie stroke

metabolic hypoglycaemia

unknown

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6
Q

what are the two types of speech and language developmental delay

A

receptive

expressive

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7
Q

what can cause speech and language developmental delay

A

hearing loss

cleft pallette

cerebral palsy

deprivation

familial (+ is normal for family)

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8
Q

what can a child do at 5y

A

skips and hops

sluent speech

full drawings

dresses self

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9
Q

what can a child do at 3y

A

running (established at 2)

can copy circles and build a multiblock tower

knows names and colours

can stand on 1 foot

short sentances

interactive play

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10
Q

what can a child do at 18m

A

walking - GM

three block twoer + scribbles - FM

forms strings of babble words- H+L

responds to simple instructions - S

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11
Q

what can a child do at 12m

A

crawling, can roll over and lift chest from prone -GM

can transfer blocks between two hands - FM

Turns to name - H+L

Waves bye - S

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12
Q

what should a child be able to do at 9m

A

pull to stand - GM

pincor grip - FM

single non specific words - H+L

clings to familiar adults and knows how to attract attention - S

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13
Q

what can a child do at 6m

A

sit unaided + developed reflexes+ can eat solids - GM
Can use both hands + reaches for objects + takes stuff to mouth- FM

Can babble - H+L

Stranger anxiety - S

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14
Q

what can a child do at 3m

A

lift hed from prone - GM

fix and follow objects with eyes - FM

turns head towards sounds - H+L

Smile and laugh - S

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15
Q

what vaccienes are given at 2m

A

6-in-1

PCV

roatvirus

menB

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16
Q

what vaccienes are given at 3m

A

6-in-1

rotavirus

17
Q

what vaccienes are given at 6m

A

6-in-1

PCV

Men B

18
Q

what vaccienes are given at 12m

A

HiB + Men C

MMR

Men B boost

19
Q

what vaccienes are given at 2y

A

nasal flu vacciene

20
Q

what vaccienes are given at 3y 4m

A

MMR boost

4-in-1

21
Q

what vaccienes are given at 12y

A

HPV

Teen boost

Men ACWY

22
Q

what is in the 4-in-1 vacciene

A

diptheria

tetanus

pertusis

polio

23
Q

what is in the 6-in-1 vacciene

A

diptheria

tetanus

pertusis

polio

HiB

Hep B

24
Q

what is the PCV

A

oneumococcal conjugate vacciene

25
what is in the teen boost vacciene
aka 3-in-1 tetanus dipthera polio
26
what is childhood obesity
BMI\>90th centile
27
what are the duties of a doctor when talking about childhood obesity
promote breast feeding in infancy education of healthy lifestyle and the consequences of childhood obesity monitoring growth parameters
28
what is the aim of managing childhood obesity
maintain their weight so they 'grow into it'
29
what is the medical management of childhood obesity
only for children over 12 with BMI of 40 (=/+) or 35 with complications orlistat metformin (increases insulin sensitivity)
30
what are life style changes for childhood obesity
no fzzy drinks decrease portions by 10-20% 60min exersise daily 2hrs only screen time
31
when would surgery be considered in childhood obesity
only if close to being 18 nd severely obese
32
what are complications of childhood obesity
bow legs (tibia vara) abnormal foot structure and function idiopathic IC HTN PCOS T2 diabetes
33
what is billary atresia
a congenital or acquired absent/blocked/narrowed bile duct
34
what is the presentation of billary atresia
prolonged neonatal jaundice ADEK malabsorbtion failure to thrive Bleeding and bruising
35
what can billary atresia lead to
portal HTN liver failure cirrosis
36
what are they types of billary atresia
t1= restricted to commn bilde duct t2= involving common hepatic duct t3= involving proximal bile ducts
37
what is the treatement of billary atresia
surgery
38

Phase 3a (22 decks)

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