Developmental Care

Question 1

Infants getting head control, then sitting, then walking is due to __________ development.

Answer 1

Cephalocaudal

Question 2

Infants moving arms and legs before picking things up with their fingers is due to ______ development.

Answer 2

Proximodistal

Question 3

Children learning to crawl, then walk, then skip is due to _________ development.

Answer 3

General to Specific

Question 4

How is bone age determined?

Answer 4

X-ray of tarsals and carpals

Question 5

Prematurity is less than ____ weeks gestation

Answer 5

37

Question 6

Adjusted Chronological Age

Answer 6

-chronological age minus # of weeks born prematurely
-used for first 2 years

Question 7

For ages ____ - _____, length should be measured laying down.

Answer 7

0-36 months

Question 8

For ages ___ - ____, height should be measured standing up.

Answer 8

2-18 years

Question 9

Weight at 6 months should be at least ______.

Answer 9

Double birth weight

Question 10

Weight at 1 year should be at least _______.

Answer 10

Triple birth weight

Question 11

Overweight BMI is ____ - ______, which is in the _____ to ____th percentile.

Answer 11

25.29.9, 85-95th percentile

Question 12

The average birth length is

Answer 12

20 inches

Question 13

In the first year, a baby’s length should increase by ____ inches. In the second year, it should increase by _____. And then from the 3rd year until puberty it should increase by ____.

Answer 13

1st year: 10 inches
2nd year: 5 inches
3-adolescence: 2.5 inches /year

Question 14

The birth length roughly doubles by _____.

Answer 14

4 years

Question 15

Red flag for BMI is greater than ____.

Answer 15

85%

Question 16

Social/Emotional Development of infant

Answer 16

2m: instinctual smile
3m: social smile
4m: laughs
4-6m: stranger anxiety
7-9m: peek a boo, looking in mirror
10-12m: claps, waves

Question 17

Language/Cognition Development of infant

Answer 17

3m: babble, turn to noise, notices hands
6m: babbles in response to sounds
7-9m: understands cause and effect
10-12m: points to objects when named, says mama and dad, says 5 words but can understand many more

Question 18

Physical/motor development of infant

Answer 18

2m: lifts head, follows to midline, posterior fontanel closes
3m: eyes can track objects, raises head and neck when laying on stomach, notices own hands
4m: rakes objects, grasps rattle, begins to roll over
5-6m: rolls from back to front, transfers objects from hand to hand, sits with support
8m: sits without support
9m: pincer grasp, feeds self bottle or Cheerios, crawls, stands holding on
10-12m: claps, waves, pulls self up to stand, may take first steps

Question 19

Infant reflexes are present at ____ and disappear by ____ months.

Answer 19

Birth, 4 months

Question 20

The _____ reflex starts at 6 months and lasts forever, causes____.

Answer 20

Parachute, catch self with arms while falling

Question 21

Infant reflexes

Answer 21

Rooting
Moro (startle)
tonic neck: arms point where head turns
Babinski: present until walking

Question 22

-Egocentric
-No stranger anxiety if parent is present
-temper tantrums
-lack of sharing
-points to body parts, recognizes self in mirror

Answer 22

Toddler

Question 23

Language/Cognitive Development of Toddlers

Answer 23

12m: 5 words
18m: 50 words
24m: 400 words, 2-3 word phrases

shows curiosity
says own name

Question 24

Language/Cognitive Development of Preschoolers

Answer 24

-chatterbox
-begins to recognize some letters
-counts but may not know what the numbers mean
-3 y: 75% of language is intelligible
-5y: tells long stories

child knows own and others gender; is modest in terms of own body

Question 25

Physical/Motor development of Preschoolers

Answer 25

-3y: rides a tricycle, dresses self, uses scissors, builds a tower of more than 6 blocks -4y: throws ball overhead, hops/stands one one foot for up to 5 seconds -5y: dresses self well, runs, jumps, skips, hops, somersaults **agile**

Question 26

Social/Emotional Development of School-Age Child

Answer 26

-school is focus of activities -parent is the greatest influence -develops first true friends

Question 27

Stages of Female Puberty

Answer 27

-1st sign: breast development, average age 10y -2nd sign: pubic hair, 11y -3rd sign: height spurt, 12y -Last sign: menarche, 13y

Question 28

Stages of Male Puberty

Answer 28

-1st sign: testicular enlargement, average age 11y -2nd sign: pubic hair, 12y -3rd sign: height spurt: 14y

Question 29

Precocious Puberty

Answer 29

First pubertal sign less than 9y old

Question 30

Vitamin D supplementation should begin_____

Answer 30

-within a few days after birth -for breastfed/bottle fed babies

Question 31

Iron supplementation should begin _____

Answer 31

At age 4m until solid foods are introduced in breast-fed infants only

Question 32

Breast milk is preferred exclusively for the first ____ months.

Answer 32

4

Question 33

How much formula should be given to a newborn? 4-6 month old?

Answer 33

20 ounces, 30 ounces

Question 34

Whole milk should be given to ages _____ to help with _____.

Answer 34

1-2, brain development

Question 35

The first tooth usually comes in at ____, and the first one is usually lost at _____.

Answer 35

6 months, 6 years

Question 36

There will be ____ baby teeth by age ____.

Answer 36

20 by age 3

Question 37

HEEADSSS assessment for mental health

Answer 37

Home Education Employment Activities Drugs Sexuality Suicide Safety (violence, access to firearms)

Question 38

The top 3 reasons for mortality in teenagers is:

Answer 38

1. Motor vehicle accidents 2. Homicide 3. Suicide