Developmental Disorders Flashcards
(55 cards)
Commisural Lip pits occur in what % of the adult population?
Occur in 12-20% of adults
What are the characteristics of Commisural lip pits?
Unilateral or bilateral
1 to 4 mm in depth
Asymptomatic and innocuous
No treatment is generally necessary
what is a “double lip”?
Rare anomaly
Redundant fold of tissue on the mucosal side of the lip
Usually unnoticeable when lips at rest, but becomes visible when patient smiles
How do patients develop double lips? why would a dentist treat these lesions?
- Congenital vs. acquired origins
- Tx: excise for aesthetic purposes
_______________ are Ectopic (normal structure, wrong location) SEBACEOUS glands that occur on the oral mucosa
Fordyce Granules
T/F: Double lips and Fordyce Granules are statistically rare lesions
FALSE
over 80% of population has Fordyce Granules
name the clinical characteristics of Fordyce Granules:
- Multiple small yellow or whitish-yellow papules, often clustered together
- Most common locations: Buccal mucosa, upper lip vermilion
- Seen more frequently in adults than children
- NO treatment necessary
what is a “Leukoedema”? where are they most commonly found?
A) Diffuse grayish or milky white appearance to oral mucosa, with surface folds or wrinkles
B) BUCCAL mucosa most common, often BILATERAL
C) more common in smokers, dark skinned people
Describe the histology of Leukoedemas
fluid accumulation within the epithelial cells of the SPINOUS layer
how can a suspected Leukoedema be clinically confirmed?
whitish appearance disappears when the mucosa is stretched/distended
Describe MICROglossia:
characteristics, treatment, et cetera
Abnormally small tongue
relatively rare condition
May be a component of any one of several syndromes
Orthodontic care to manage collapsed dental arches
what conditions can cause MACROglossia?
Congenital or acquired
- Down syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, vascular malformations, lymphangioma, amyloidosis, hypothyroidism
list the characteristics of Ankyloglossia:
Also known as “Tongue-tie”
Abbreviated or absent lingual frenum
2 to 4% of neonates
Speech problems are probably exaggerated
Frenectomy may be necessary if mucogingival stress is evident
_______________ is a rare developmental problem due to failure of migration of thyroid anlage
what group is at greatest risk for this condition?
Lingual Thyroid
WAY MORE common in FEMALES
in patients with lingual thyroids, there will be a mass in what location?
foramen cecum area
how can a lingual thyroid be diagnosed?
Diagnosis can be made by radioactive iodine scan
Biopsy may not be necessary
Evaluate for thyroid tissue in neck
why is the excision of a lingual thyroid more necessary in MALES?
risk for malignancy
Fissured Tongues are almost exclusively found in what population group?
Adults
what causes “coated tongue” (hairy tongue)?
how is it treated?
Elongation of the filiform papillae on the dorsal tongue (accumulation of keratin)
treated with use of tongue scraper
T/F: coated tongue is associated with smoking
true
in a patient with hairy/coated tongue, what can cause the papillae to become discolored?
Pigment-producing bacteria
Staining from tobacco
what are the characteristics of a “Varix”?
Abnormally dilated and tortuous veins (think varicose veins)
Often seen in older adults
Thought to be secondary to age-related degeneration or laxity in elastic support of vessel walls
where are Varix mostly found?
ventral and lateral tongue, buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, lip vermilion
SUBLINGUAL = most common site
how is a Diascopy test performed?
performed by applying pressure and observing color changes (vascular lesions will “blanch”)
