Developmental Psychology Unit 3

Question 1

Puberty

Answer 1

Years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that end childhood, producing a person of adult size, shape, and sexuality

Question 2

Menarche

Answer 2

First menstrual period signaling ovulation

Question 3

How does family stress and conflict affect the onset of puberty?

Answer 3

Hastens in girls

Question 4

For boys, what is the usual sequence of physical changes of puberty?

Answer 4

Growth of testes, pubic hair, penis, spermarche

Question 5

For girls, what is the usual sequence of physical changes of puberty?

Answer 5

Growth of breasts, pubic hair, growth spurt, menarche

Question 6

First hormones to begin puberty?

Answer 6

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Question 7

First signs of growth spurt?

Answer 7

Increased appetite and weight

Question 8

What is the last body part to grow from the growth spurt?

Answer 8

Torso

Question 9

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 9

Parts of the body directly involved in reproduction

Question 10

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 10

Physical traits not directly involved in reproduction but that indicate sexual maturity

Question 11

Adolescent egocentrism

Answer 11

Adolescents focus on themselves and on what others think of them

Question 12

At what age does the brain fully mature?

Answer 12

25

Question 13

Imaginary audience

Answer 13

Other people are watching and taking note of appearance, ideas, and behavior

Question 14

Invincibility fable

Answer 14

Idea that death will not occur unless it is destined

Question 15

Formal operational thought

Answer 15

Piaget’s 4th stage characterized by more systematic logical thinking and by the ability to understand and systematically manipulate abstract concepts

Question 16

What question(s) are crucial for adolescent personality development?

Answer 16

Who am I?

Question 17

Identity vs. role confusion

Answer 17

Discovering oneself or confused about who to be/who they are

Question 18

Identity achievement

Answer 18

When people know who they are as unique individuals, combining past experiences and future plans

Question 19

Role confusion

Answer 19

No clear identity, fluctuating from one persona to another

Question 20

Foreclosure

Answer 20

Adopt parents’ or society’s’ roles and values without questioning

Question 21

Negative identity

Answer 21

Rejecting all elder’s values without questioning

Question 22

Achievement

Answer 22

Finding identity

Question 23

Moratorium

Answer 23

Choice of a socially acceptable way to postpone making identity-achievement decisions

Question 24

Diffusion

Answer 24

Don’t explore or commit to an identity

Question 25

What is subject or source of most bickering between parents and teenagers?

Answer 25

Curfews, clothing, cleanliness, activities

Question 26

What are the most common drugs taken by adolescents?

Answer 26

Tobacco and alcohol

Question 27

Peer pressure

Answer 27

Being pushed by friends to do something that wouldn't normally do alone

Question 28

Emerging adulthood

Answer 28

18-25

Question 29

Early emerging adulthood biological or physical health characteristics

Answer 29

Reproductive system, motor skills, strength, and lung capacity all at best

Question 30

Fertility during emerging adulthood

Answer 30

A woman in her 20s has a 25-30% chance of getting pregnant every month. Fertility generally starts to reduce when a woman is in her early 30s, and more so after the age of 35. By age 40, the chance of getting pregnant in any monthly cycle is around 5%

Question 31

Postformal thinking

Answer 31

A person gains the ability to synthesize opposing ideas or feelings into a more complete understanding.

Question 32

What is the 2nd fastest time development of the brain?

Answer 32

From birth to age 5

Question 33

What are factors of lifelong personality development?

Answer 33

Physical environment, hereditary, experiences, and culture

Question 34

Intimacy

Answer 34

Closeness between 2 people

Question 35

Intimacy vs. isolation

Answer 35

Seek someone to share life with in an enduring and self-sacrificing way otherwise feel alone and isolated

Question 36

Organ reserve

Answer 36

Extra power that each organ employs when needed

Question 37

Homeostasis

Answer 37

A balance between various body reactions that keeps every physical function in sync with every other

Question 38

Allostasis

Answer 38

Dynamic body adjustment that gradually changes body function

Question 39

What is the relationship of social networking on social isolation in emerging adulthood?

Answer 39

An adult who spends 2+ hours on social media feels more isolated

Question 40

Dualism

Answer 40

Knowledge is received, not questioned

Question 41

Multiplicity

Answer 41

More than one solution to a problem or not solution, opinions matter

Question 42

Relativism

Answer 42

Knowledge is contextual, evaluate evidence

Question 43

Commitment

Answer 43

Integration of knowledge from other sources with personal experience and reflection, commit to values

Question 44

Cohabitation

Answer 44

2 people living together in a romantic way

Question 45

Adulthood covers what years or decades of life (age range)

Answer 45

Young - 20-39, Middle - 40-59, Old - 60-75, Old old - 75+

Question 46

Before age 65 what percent experience brain loss or problems?

Answer 46

40%

Question 47

Effect of coping on aging and stress

Answer 47

More difficult to cope because body can't handle it the way it used to

Question 48

Sternberg 3 forms of intelligence

Answer 48

Practical, creative, and analytical intelligence

Question 49

Expertise

Answer 49

A high level of skill or knowledge

Question 50

Selective optimization of compensation

Answer 50

A lifespan model of psychological and behavioral management for adaptation to changes related to human development and for adaptation to age-related gains and losses

Question 51

Expertise has what effect

Answer 51

Occurs when the relative effectiveness of different learning conditions reverses with changes in the level of learner expertise

Question 52

Fluid intelligence

Answer 52

Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

Question 53

Fertility factors of adulthood

Answer 53

Age, previous pregnancy, caffeine, timing and frequency of intercourse, lifestyle, duration of subfertility, weight, smoking

Question 54

Middle adulthood physical changes

Answer 54

Gray hair, wrinkles, thick waist, hearing loss, worsening vision

Question 55

First signs of aging?

Answer 55

Skin changes, hair loss or gray hair, sunken cheeks

Question 56

Menopause

Answer 56

Menstruation cycle stops

Question 57

Exercise effects on aging

Answer 57

Improves heart, lungs, bones, brain, muscles, and mood

Question 58

Crystal vs. fluid intelligence

Answer 58

Fluid intelligence is the ability to process new info, learn, and solve problems and crystallized intelligence is stored knowledge accumulated over years

Question 59

Adult intelligence increases in what areas or domains?

Answer 59

Acquired knowledge or by processes involved in reasoning and memory, especially working memory