Devolution Flashcards
(23 cards)
What act first gave devolved powers to Scotland?
Scotland act 1998
What powers did the 1998 Scotland act give them?
Power over services such as health, education, roads, public transport, making criminal/civil law, policing, local authority services, and varying tax by 3p per pound
What was the results of the 1997 referendum that gave them a Scottish parliament?
74% yes, 26% no of 60% turnout
When was the first Scottish parliament elected?
1999
What electoral system does Scotland have?
AMS
What were the results of the 2014 Scottish independence referendum?
55.3% no, 44.7% yes
What powers did the 2016 Scotland act give them?
Widened area to pass laws, power over regulation of energy industry, control over welfare services,
Why did brexit destabilise the situation in Scotland?
Scotland wanted to stay so led to more calls for independence
What year was the successful referendum on devolution in wales and what were the results?
1997, 50.5% yes and 49.5% no
What did these close results in the 1997 wales referendum lead to?
Less power devolved to them than Scotland
When was the first wales act?
1998 government of wales act
What powers did the 1998 act give wales?
Set up elected welsh assembly, no powers to pass primary laws and financial control but could allocate funds they receive from central government, power over health, education, local authority services, public transport and agriculture
What were the results of the referendum for further devolution to wales and what year was it?
2011, 63.5% yes to 36.5% no
What powers did the 2014 act give wales?
Referendum about control over income tax, control over industry business taxes, limited powers to borrow money for housing projects
What powers did the 2017 act give wales?
Removes provision to require a referendum to decide tax, could vary income by 10p by the pound, gave more administrative nod legislative powers, introduced authority to collect welsh bases taxes
Why is devolution in Northern Ireland different?
The troubles, government requires cooperation or it could start again
What year was the Belfast agreement made?
1998
What did the Belfast agreement do?
Restored devolved powers, had assembly elected with STV, all parties have equal chance at winning so no one can really gain a majority, given powers over services like healthcare, policy and education
What years were the suspensions of stormont (NI parliament)?
2002-07, 2017-20, 2022-24
English devolution is limited, why is this?
Lack of demand, no strong nationalism, already feeling Westminster is our parliament
What powers were devolved to England?
Some cities elect their own mayors, introduced police and crime commissioners, mayor of London election
What are the successes of devolution?
May lead to UK not breaking up, very popular, no campaign to overturn it, welsh interest has increased, caused peace in NI, mayors lead to greater English regional identity
What are the drawbacks of devolution?
Policy divergence, West Lothian question, increased desire for Scottish independence
