Diabetes

Question 1

Difference between Type 1 and Type 2

Answer 1

Type 1 = no insulin, Type 2 = insulin resistance

Question 2

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes

Answer 2

Family hx, obesity, inactivity, race/ethnicity, HTN, hyperlipidemia

Question 3

Why are people with diabetes more likely to have heart disease or stroke?

Answer 3

Because of lipid build up

Question 4

Big 3 symptoms of type 1

Answer 4

Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

Question 5

FBS > ______ in morning = type 2 diabetes

Answer 5

126 mg/dl

Question 6

A1C > ______ = diabetes diagnosis

Answer 6

6.5%

Question 7

Reflects average blood glucose over 3 month period

Answer 7

HgA1C

Question 8

Acute complications of diabetes

Answer 8

Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, sick days

Question 9

Chronic complications of diabetes

Answer 9

Glycosylation, macro and microvascular changes, wounds

Question 10

What is the target blood glucose range for diabetics?

Answer 10

< 150

Question 11

How do you define hypoglycemia?

Answer 11

< 70

Question 12

What does hypoglycemia look like?

Answer 12

Shaky, sweating, headache

Question 13

How do you treat hypoglycemia?

Answer 13

15 by 15 rule (15 g of glucose, recheck blood sugar in 15 min)

Question 14

Medications for hypogylcemia

Answer 14

Dextrose, glucagon, oral glucose

Question 15

What medications can cause hypergylcemia?

Answer 15

Glucocorticoids (eg. prednisone)

Question 16

High presence of _____ is associated with hyperglycemia and is a medical emergency

Answer 16

Ketones

Question 17

True or false - retinopathy is the leading cause of new blindness

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is the most common microvascular complication?

Answer 18

Neuropathy

Question 19

Nursing education for exercise

Answer 19

Eat a snack before or during, can become hypoglycemic

Question 20

Considerations for foot care

Answer 20

Inspect daily, dry foot well

Question 21

Normal blood sugar range

Answer 21

70-130

Question 22

What is the Somogyi effect?

Answer 22

When insulin is dosed at bedtime and blood glucose rebounds and you wake up with high glucose

Question 23

Diabetes diet

Answer 23

More vegetables, less protein

Question 24

If scheduled to give 4.9 units of insulin, how many would you give?

Answer 24

4, always round down