Diabetes Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is diabetes mellitus (DM)?
A metabolic disorder characterized by absence, deficit, or resistance to insulin leading to hyperglycaemia
Diabetes mellitus is classified into two main types: Type 1 and Type 2.
What are the two types of diabetes mellitus?
- Type 1: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
- Type 2: Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
What are the risk factors for Type 1 diabetes?
- Family history
- Viral infection
What are the risk factors for Type 2 diabetes?
- Obesity
- Hypertension
- Poor lifestyle
- Diet
What is Type 1 diabetes also known as?
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
What causes Type 1 diabetes?
Destruction of beta cells predominantly by an autoimmune process, possibly of viral origin
What is the incidence of Type 1 diabetes?
10% of diabetics diagnosed, approximately 250,000 individuals
At what age is Type 1 diabetes usually diagnosed?
In children and young adults
What is Type 2 diabetes also known as?
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
What are the causes of Type 2 diabetes?
Multifactorial causes including both genetic and environmental factors affecting beta cell function and tissue sensitivity to insulin
What is the incidence of Type 2 diabetes?
90% of diabetics diagnosed, approximately 2 million individuals, with 500,000 - 1 million undiagnosed cases
How can Type 2 diabetes be prevented or delayed?
Through lifestyle changes
What are some lifestyle management strategies for Type 2 diabetes?
- HIITS
- Starvation diets
What are the treatment options for Type 1 diabetes?
- Insulin injections
What are the treatment options for Type 2 diabetes?
- Insulin tablets
What role does physiotherapy play in diabetes management?
Involvement is secondary to complications; awareness of complications like healing and hyperglycaemia
What complications should be addressed in physiotherapy for diabetes patients?
- Higher musculoskeletal pain
- Falls (peripheral neuropathies)
Fill in the blank: Insulin is produced by the ______.
[pancreas]
Fill in the blank: Glucose cannot enter muscle cells in the absence of ______.
[insulin]
True or False: Type 2 diabetes can be managed solely with insulin injections.
False
