diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the starting point for diagnosing infectious diseases?
Assessing symptoms, medical history, and physical examination to identify signs of infection.
What types of samples are commonly analyzed in laboratory testing for infectious diseases?
Blood, urine, tissue.
Which imaging techniques are used to identify infections in tissues or organs?
X-rays, CT scans, MRIs.
What is the role of the laboratory in diagnosing infectious diseases?
Detect infectious diseases in specimens.
What specimens are needed for respiratory infections?
Sputum.
What specimens are needed for gastrointestinal infections?
Faeces.
What specimens are needed for central nervous system infections?
Cerebrospinal fluid.
What specimens are needed for wound infections?
Pus swabs, tissue biopsies.
What specimens are needed for reproductive tract infections?
Blood samples, swabs.
What types of tests are selected based on clinical information and sample site?
Microscopy, Culture, PCR.
What is critical for accurate diagnosis in infectious disease management?
Early identification of the infectious agent using laboratory tests and clinical assessment.
What is targeted antimicrobial therapy?
Use of specific antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, or antiparasitic drugs based on the pathogen’s susceptibility.
What does infection control and prevention involve?
Hygiene measures, vaccination programs, isolation/quarantine protocols.
What is antimicrobial stewardship?
Promoting responsible use of antimicrobials and monitoring for resistance.
What is one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of infections?
Regular and thorough handwashing with soap or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers.
What does proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) help minimize?
Exposure to infectious agents.
What is the purpose of routine cleaning and disinfection in infection control?
Reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections and cross-contamination.
What do vaccination programs help build within populations?
Immunity.
What is the first step in analyzing an infectious disease case study?
Case Review and Symptom Identification.
What is involved in the Diagnostic Testing and Data Collection step?
Conducting relevant laboratory tests and collecting clinical data.
What is the purpose of Interpretation and Differential Diagnosis?
Narrow down possible infections based on test results and clinical findings.
What should be outlined in the Treatment and Prevention Plan?
Appropriate treatment and preventive measures.
