Dialect Theory

Question 1

What is dialect?

Answer 1

The words and grammar that we use.

Question 2

Regional dialects are specific to a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the country.

Answer 2

location

Question 3

What is the non-regional dialect in the UK?

Answer 3

Standard English

Question 4

In the manchester dialect, one might say ‘chuddy’ to mean?

Answer 4

Chewing gum

Question 5

In Manchester, someone might use the term ‘pants’ to mean _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 5

trousers

Question 6

Name the non-standard regional dialect feature in the following sentence: ‘I were late to work’.

Answer 6

Non-standard copular verb

Question 7

Name the non-standard regional dialect feature in the following sentence: ‘I didn’t do nothing’.

Answer 7

Multiple negation

Question 8

Name the non-standard regional dialect feature in the following sentence: ‘I’m always late me’.

Answer 8

Double subject

Question 9

What is the name of the theorist who looked at ‘dialect levelling’?

Answer 9

Paul Kerswill

Question 10

Paul Kerswill observed that regional varieties of English are d _ _ _ _ o _ _

Answer 10

dying out

Question 11

What two reasons did Kerswill give for dialect levelling?

Answer 11

Increasing social mobility and increasing geographical mobility.

Question 12

What has happened to the Surrey dialect?

Answer 12

It has undergone dialect levelling and fallen out of use.

Question 13

In the Surrey dialect, they used the verb ‘bannick’ to mean what?

Answer 13

To beat or thrash

Question 14

In the Surrey dialect, they used the adjective ‘timmersome’ to mean what?

Answer 14

Timid

Question 15

An example of non-standard grammar in the Surrey dialect is?

Answer 15

When they use the non-standard copular verb ‘be’ in ‘how be you?’ instead of ‘how are you’

Question 16

Most Forest of Dean people live in what type of network?

Answer 16

Very closed networks

Question 17

The Forest of Dean people have preserved a very d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ regional variety.

Answer 17

distinctive

Question 18

In the Forest of Dean dialect what does ‘Dree on’t’ mean?

Answer 18

Three of us

Question 19

In the Forest of Dean dialect, what does the term ‘ship’ mean?

Answer 19

Ship; an insult to describe someone who wanders aimlessly around a village.

Question 20

In the Forest of Dean dialect, how do you say ‘How are you, mate?’

Answer 20

How bist dau, butt?

Question 21

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘dau’

Answer 21

dau - “thou”, an archaic second person pronoun

Question 22

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘bist’

Answer 22

an archaic second person inflection.

Question 23

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘butt’

Answer 23

butt - Welsh borrowing

Question 24

Milroy and Milroy found that because people are moving out of their local area for work, dialect levelling is reducing what?

Answer 24

Regional dialect variation

Question 25

Milroy and Milroy argued that Britain is an increasingly socially _ _ _ _ _ _ society.

Answer 25

mobile

Question 26

Milroy and Milroy argued that there is now more pressure to use standard or non standard forms?

Answer 26

Standard forms.

Question 27

Cheshire studied a _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ group of teenagers whom she met in an adventure playground in Reading.

Answer 27

mixed-sex

Question 28

The subjects of Cheshire's Reading Study were all truanting from school and shared a distinctive dress that marked them out from which culture?

Answer 28

mainstream culture

Question 29

Cheshire recorded the speech and identified how many non-standard features?

Answer 29

11

Question 30

Cheshire also measured the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of these 11 non-standard features

Answer 30

frequency

Question 31

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "They calls me names." This is an example of what?

Answer 31

non-standard 's' inflection

Question 32

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "You was with me, wasn't you?" - This is an example of what?

Answer 32

Non-standard copular

Question 33

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "You ain't no boss." - This is an example of what?

Answer 33

Multiple negation

Question 34

Cheshire found that which gender used 10 of the 11 features more?

Answer 34

Boys

Question 35

Cheshire also investigated the effects of her subjects' _ _ _ _ _ _ networks on their use of non-standard English.

Answer 35

social

Question 36

Cheshire discovered that there was a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ correlation between social network and six of the eleven features

Answer 36

positive

Question 37

Cheshire also discovered that some features (e.g. non-standard 's') were very closely linked to _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 37

status

Question 38

Cheshire study revealed that which gender used more non-standard forms?

Answer 38

Boys

Question 39

Cheshire study revealed that which gender is more affected by social network density?

Answer 39

Boys

Question 40

Cheshire study revealed that there is a link between _ _ _ _ _ _ prestige and some non-standard features.

Answer 40

covert

Question 41

Which non-standard feature did Emma Moore investigate in her Bolton Study?

Answer 41

The use of non-standard 'were'

Question 42

Moore separated the girls into four 'C_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of P_ _ _ _ _ _ _'.

Answer 42

'Communities of Practice'

Question 43

What were the Eden Valley girls like in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 43

They were all lower middle class and came from a desirable area.

Question 44

How often did the Eden Valley girls use the non-standard 'were'?

Answer 44

They used the standard 'was' almost all of the time.

Question 45

What were The Townies like in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 45

They engaged in risky activities like drug-taking and sexual activity.

Question 46

What class were The Townies in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 46

Two were from the upper working-class; two were from the lower middle-class.

Question 47

How often did The Townies use the non-standard 'were'?

Answer 47

The Townies used non-standard 'were' most frequently.

Question 48

A Matched Guise experiment is an attempt to identify attitudes to and prejudices about _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Answer 48

accents

Question 49

What is the name of the theorist who conducted the Matched Guise Experiement?

Answer 49

Howard Giles

Question 50

Giles performed a matched guise experiment with an actor using which two accents?

Answer 50

RP and Birmingham accent

Question 51

In the Matched Guise Experiment, which speaker was more likely to be considered guilty?

Answer 51

The Birmingham speaker was significantly more likely to be considered guilty.