Dialysis Flashcards
What are the acute reasons to give dialysis?
AEIOU Acidosis electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalaemia) intoxication Oedema/fluid overload Uraemia - seizures or confusion or loss of consciousness.
What are the chronic reasons to give dialysis?
Acute problems not getting better.
Chronic kidney disease - after stage 5 (GFR<15mls)
What are the different types of dialysis?
Haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis (continuous ambulatory or automated).
What is haemodialysis?
When the patients blood is removed, put through a machine and entered back into their body.
How often is haemodialysis done?
4hrs per day, 3 days a week.
What are the methods of haemodialysis?
Arteriovenous fistula or a tunnel cuffed catheter.
What are the side effects of AV fistula?
infection, aneurysm stenosis, steal syndrome.
what are the types of AV fistula?
Radiocephalic, brachiocephalic (most common)
brachiobasillic (least common).
What are the complications of a tunnel cuff catheter?
infection, blood clots.
What is automated peritoneal dialysis?
This is dialysis done into the peritoneal cavity.
How often is automated peritoneal dialysis done?
4 times per day (6hrs apart) - 2L inserted each time.
What is continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis?
This is dialysis into the peritoneum done overnight.
How long does continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis take?
8-10hrs.
What are the side effects of peritoneal dialysis?
bacterial peritonitis, peritoneal sclerosis, ultrafiltration failure, weight gain.
What is the fluid restriction for haemodialysis?
500-800mls in 24hrs.
