Diet and Health Problems

Question 1

What is Obesity?

Answer 1

A medical condition characterised by the excessive storage of body fats, which may reduce life expectancy and increase the risk of other healthy problems such as diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease

Question 2

What are the risk factors of obesity?

Answer 2

Excessive intake of calories
Sedentary lifestyle
Family history
Overconsumption of energy-dense food

Question 3

How does one prevent obesity? State 2 way to prevent obesity

Answer 3

• Eat small and frequent meal throughout the day to prevent hunger
• increase intake of dietary fibre as it provides a feeling of fullness
• reduce sugar and fat intake
• Exercise regularly to prevent weight gain

Question 4

What is hypertension?

Answer 4

Known as high blood pressure, which is whet blood is pumped at a persistently high pressure, causing unnecessary force and stress on the blood vessels and heart

Question 5

What are 3 risk factors of hypertension?

Answer 5

Family history, stress, unhealthy diets, being overweight, obesity, physical inactivity, diet high in salt, saturated fats and trans fats

Question 6

What are some preventions of hypertension?

Answer 6

Reduce the intake of salt to prevent excess fluid retention, reduce the intake of saturated fats, and exercise regularly to prevent being overweight or obese

Question 7

What is the definition of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

When someone’s blood glucose levels are abnormally high over a prolonged period of time as their body is insulin- resistance

Question 8

There are 2 risk factors for type 2 diabetes. State the risk factors

Answer 8

Family history of type 2 diabetes has a higher risk of developing this health problem

Physically inactive or obesity

Question 9

What are some prevention for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 9

Increase intake of wholegrain (Dietary fibre) –> help with regulating release of glucose in the bloodstream
Strive for energy balance by reducing the intake of sugar and saturated fats
Regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight and help with regulating blood glucose levels

Question 10

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 10

It is when coronary artery to the heart is blocked, causing less blood to reach that part of the heart at a slower rate. Once the artery is fully blocked, a heart attack will occurr

Question 11

There are 5 risk factors to coronary heart disease. State 3 of them

Answer 11

Family history, obesity, physical inactivity and hypertension and diabetes

Question 12

What is the definition of dehydration?

Answer 12

Where the body;s water output is more than the body’s intake

Question 13

What are some risks factors of dehydration?

Answer 13

Elderly, individuals who are sick, people who perform strenous tasks or sweat profusely

Question 14

What are some preventions method for dehydration?

Answer 14

Consuming sufficient fluids
Stay well hydrated bfore during and after physical activities

Question 15

What is heatstroke?

Answer 15

When the body fails to remove adequate heat & regulate body temp, internal body temp reach 40°C & above

Question 16

What are some risk factors of heatstroke?

Answer 16

Insufficient fluid intake causing someone who is exposed to hot and humid environments for prolonged periods to be at risk

Poor acclimatisation to high temperatures, inadequate hydration and unsuitable clothing can lead to heatstroke

Question 17

What are some prevention to heatstroke?

Answer 17

Drink enough fluids/water

Rest in cool and airy places

Wear lightweight clothing in hot and humid weather

Question 18

What is constipation?

Answer 18

Infrequent bowel movements or difficulty in passing stools

Question 19

What is the risk factor for constipation?

Answer 19

Inadequate consumption of dietary fibre and fluids

Question 20

What is the prevention for constipation?

Answer 20

Consume dietary fibre-rich food and sufficient fluid/water

Question 21

What is the definition of otseoporosis?

Answer 21

Low bone density and weakened bone strength

Question 22

What are some risk factors in otseoporosis?

Answer 22

Diet low in vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus, Phyiscal inactivity and a lack of exposure to the sun. Women are more likley to develop otseoporosis as they have smaller, thinner bones

Question 23

What are some preventions of osteoporosis?,

Answer 23

Consume food rich in calcium, phosphorus and Vitamin D

Stay physically active

Sufficient exposure to sunlight /

Question 24

What is Anaemia?

Answer 24

When red blood cell count is lower than normal

Question 25

Risk factors of Anaemia

Answer 25

Blood loss
insufficient iron intake
poor iron absorption

Question 26

What is the prevention of Anaemia?

Answer 26

Eating adequate amount of iron-rich food and increase intake of iron absorption