Diet And Nutrition Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the food groups in a balanced diet?
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Fruits and vegetables
- Dairy products
- Oils and fats
- Sugar and fats
What are three examples of carbohydrates?
Pasta, rice, bread
What are three examples of lipids?
Butter, olive oil, lard
What are three examples of protein?
Meat, fish, eggs
Describe the function of carbohydrates
They are an important source of energy (and phosphorus)
Describe the function of lipids
They help with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins and making hormones. They also go to fat stores which help insulation.
Describe the functions of protein
They repair body cells and tissues, including recovery after illness or injury. Good source of vitamin A and meats are also a good source of vitamin D and vitamin B3 and iron.
What is the chemical test for starch?
- Put a few drops of the food solution into the spotting tile
- Add two or three drops of iodine solution to the food sample
- A positive result is when a blue/black colour is seen - starch is present
- A negative result is when there is no colour change (stays brown) - no starch is present
- Repeat for each food solution
What is the test for (reducing) sugar
- Put about 5cm of food solution into a test tube
- Add an equal amount of Benedict’s solution to the food sample which should show a blue colour
- Put the test tube into a beaker of boiling water for 3-5 minutes
- A positive result is when the blue colour turns orange/red - glucose is present
- A negative result is when there is new colour change.- glucose is not present 
Listen, some foods that are high in protein fat and sugar
P - chicken breast
F - butter
S - cake
Why should we try to eat a balanced diet?
Food is the source of energy providing the fuel that our bodies need in order to function move and keep warm.
It provides the raw materials that our bodies need to grow and repair themselves .
There are also many nutrients in food that keeps us healthy .
What is the chemical test for protein?
- Introduce 3 cm of the food solution into a test tube using clean syringe.
- Add 3 cm of the biuret solution using a clean plastic pipettes
- Gently shake the test tube and observe.
- A positive result for protein shows the pale blue colour turns to violet
- A negative result for protein stays pale blue.
What is the chemical test for lipids?
- Introduced 2 cm of the food solution to a test tube using clean syringe.
- Add 2 cm of ethanol using a clean plastic pipette.
- Shake the test tube.
- Pull into a test tube containing water.
- A positive result for lipids is the solution becomes cloudy as an emulsion is formed
- A negative test for lipids as there is no colour change. 
What does too little food due to the body
Leads to people being underweight
What does too much food do to the body?
Leads people to be overweight
What are the rules for energy requirements?
- In general, the greater the persons mass the more energy they need.
- People who are active tend to need more energy then sedentary people
- When adults get older, they tend to need less energy.
What is energy requirement (BER)?
It is the average amount of energy needed for normal daily functioning
How do you calculate an energy requirement?
BER in KJ = mass in KG x 5.4 kg x 24
How do you calculate PER?
PER = BER + extra energy used
What is your PER?
Personal energy requirement
What does vitamin A do and what are two food sources?
Maintains healthy teeth skeleton soft tissue and skin.
From eggs, meat, milk, cheese, liver, kidney, cod, and fish oil
What does vitamin C do and where do you get it?
Maintain healthy skin and gums, lack causes scurvy.
From fruits (and vegetables)
What is vitamin D And where do you get it?
Helps absorb calcium.
From (red) meats and also sunlight .
What is calcium? Where do you get it?
Helps of making teeth in bones.
From dairy, fish, bread, and vegetables.
