Dietary Supplements, Natural and Complementary Medicine Flashcards
(62 cards)
Supplement safety
manufacturer’s responsibility, FDA can remove a supplement if it is found to be unsafe
in contrast, drugs must be proven safe and effective to the FDA
supplement can not make a claim to treat, cure, or mitigate (lessen) a condition- while drugs can
supplement facts label
similar to food products
- ingredient, quantities, serving size, serving/containers
- calories, calories from fat, total fat, and saturated fat
- cholesterol, sodium, carbs, dietary fiber, sugar, protein
- vitamin A, C, Ca, Fe
when present in measurable amounts
OTC drugs facts label
- ingredients, purpose, uses
- warning, instructions, excipients
- how to avoid an allergic reaction
otc drugs can have a package insert like rx
info on natural meds
general drug references
natural medicine database
united states pharmacopeia (USP) establishes standards for dietary supplements
label updates
folic acids 600mcg DFE
folic acid 600mcg DFE= 360mcg of folic acid daily, the RDA for women in child-bearing years
St. John’s Wort
inducer! so many Cyps
- do not use w/ oral contraceptives transplant drugs, and warfarin
serotonergic- do not use w/ MOA and be careful w/ SSRIs and SNRIs
can cause photosensitivity so use sun protection and avoidance
may lower seizure threshold- so be careful w/ other seizure-lowering drugs (bupropion, quinolones, tramadol, penicillins, carbapenems)
supplements that increase bleed risk
- 5G’s- garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, and glucosamine
- fish oils (at high doses)
- Vitamine E
- Dong quai
- Willow bark (salicylate)- do not give with anticoagulants, especially warfarin!
supplements w/ risk of liver tox
- black cohosh (used for menopausal symptoms)
- Kava (used for stress/anxiety)
- Chaparral, comfery
- green tea “extract” may be a health concern…
supplements w/cardo risk tox
- Ephedra- was removed from market due to cardiac risk
- Bitter orange (citrus aurantium or synephrine) replaced ephedra in many products
—-> are stimulants w/ dose-dependent cardio tox, increase BP and HR. Reports of MI, stroke, and arrhythmias - DMMA (dimethylamylamine)- used in Body building, or performance enhancement, increase BP and HR
- licorice containing glycyrrhizin- in excess can lower K and increased BP
Caffeine
- weight lose, energy boost, body built
- green tea”extract” w/ various unknown content
benefit
- increase alert, manage weight, tx headaches
- Green tea- at reasonable levels, lower LDL, TG
medical food
not med or supplement- compounds to meet nutritional needs.
taken generally, under supervision of Healthcare provider, intend to tx condition.
Ex: l-methyfolate form folate (deplin) used for depression
anxiety
- valerian
- passionflower
- kava
- st. john’s wort
ADHD
Omega-3 fatty acids
cold sores (aphthous ulcers/ canker sores)
L-lysin
cold and flu
- Echinacea
- zinc
- vitamin C
Dementia/ memory
Ginkgo
Vitamin E
depression
St. John’s Wort
SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) used for depression, osteoarthritis
Diabetes
- alpha lipoic acid
- chromium
- cassia cinnamon
Dyslipidemia
Red yeast rice
omega-3 fatty acids
Dyspepsia
Calcium
Manesium
Energy/ Weight Loss
Bitter orange (synephrine)
Caffeine
Guarana, green tea powder
Erectile dysfunction
ginseng
L-arginine
Yohimbe
HF, heart health general
Coenzyme Q10
hawthorn- positive inotrope, avoid concurrent use w/ digoxin (additive effective)
Omega-3 fatty acids
Hypertension
Omega-3 fatty acids
L-arginine
Coenzyme Q10
garlic
