Digestion 2

Question 1

what phases can regulation of the stomach be divided into

Answer 1

cephalic, gastric, and intestinal phases

Question 2

describe what happens during cephalic regulation

Answer 2

thinking or smelling food

secretion of acid happens sometimes even before food enters the mouth

Question 3

why does secretion of acid happen sometimes before food enters the mouth

Answer 3

stomach churns due to habituation of getting food

due to vagus nerve and parasympathetic (long reflex)

Question 4

what is an example of something that triggers cephalic regulation

Answer 4

depression can cause loss of appetite and inhibit digestion

Question 5

describe when gastric regulation occurs

Answer 5

several hairs after eating food

Question 6

describe what happens during intestinal regualtion

Answer 6

occurs in the intestines
primarily inhibits digestion due to enough food in intestine (slows food emptying)
gastric inhibitory peptide

Question 7

what does the stomach act as a gatekeeper for

Answer 7

intestine

Question 8

what does it mean for the stomach to be a gatekeeper for intestine

Answer 8

prevent intestine from having too much food at once

stomach has ability to store food for a little bit unlike intestine

Question 9

why do you not want to overload intestine

Answer 9

it is where absorption happen

Question 10

how often does small bolus go into the small intestine

Answer 10

every 3 minutes

Question 11

what is suited for chemical digestion and absorption

Answer 11

small intestine

Question 12

what does the small intestine have a large amount of

Answer 12

surface area due to the layers of folding

Question 13

what finger like projection is on each fold of the small intestine

Answer 13

villi

Question 14

what does the villi do

Answer 14

creates surface area

Question 15

what grabs amino acids and transports them across membrane into the blood

Answer 15

absorptive cells

Question 16

what do the goblet cells do

Answer 16

secretes mucus to get food liquefied and moving along

Question 17

what has a rich blood supply

Answer 17

interior of villus

Question 18

where does digestion of proteins begin and end

Answer 18

begins in the stomach and is completed in the small intestine

Question 19

what is the enzyme of the stomach that breaks down protein

Answer 19

pepsin

Question 20

what enzymes are found in the lumen of the small intestine

Answer 20

pepitadases and trypsins

Question 21

what do pepitadase and trypsin send to the brush border enzymes on epithelium

Answer 21

short trains of amino acids(2 or 3)

Question 22

what happens at the brush border in the digestion of proeins

Answer 22

finish the job, take short train and split the bonds

then amino acids are immediately absorbed in the blood

Question 23

where does digestion of carbohydrates begin and end

Answer 23

begins in the mouth and ends in the small intestine

Question 24

the digestion of what is water soluable

Answer 24

proteins

Question 25

what enzyme in the stomach breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 25

no enzymes in stomach

Question 26

what breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 26

salivary amylase

Question 27

what is found in the lumen of the small intestine that helps break down carbohydrates

Answer 27

intestinal amylase

Question 28

do the brush border enzymes have the same function in the digestion of proteins and carbohydrates

Answer 28

yes, in both they finish the job of breaking down and absorb the subsequent sugars and amino acids into the blood

Question 29

where does digestion of lipids occur and what is it facilitated by

Answer 29

it occurs in the intestine and is facilitated by bile

Question 30

what is the function of the digestion of lipids

Answer 30

process to break apart big globs of fat

Question 31

the digestion of what is not water soluable

Answer 31

lipids

Question 32

what allows for the emulsification of fats

Answer 32

bile

Question 33

what allows chemical digestion by lipases

Answer 33

emulsification of fats

Question 34

what does fatty chyme release

Answer 34

CCK

Question 35

what coordinates fat digestion

Answer 35

CCK

Question 36

liver releases bile to the _______

Answer 36

gallbladder

Question 37

what stimulates the gall bladder to release bile

Answer 37

CCK

Question 38

this is the break down of large flat globules into small droplets

Answer 38

emulsification

Question 39

what do lipases chemically digest lipid into

Answer 39

fatty acids and glyceral

Question 40

where are fatty acids and glyceral absorbed into

Answer 40

lymph lacteal for drainage

Question 41

what neutralizes the acidic chyme in the small intestin

Answer 41

secretin

Question 42

whats main target is the pancreas

Answer 42

secretin

Question 43

what does the pancreas do

Answer 43

secretes enzymes and HCO3 into the small intestine | makes products that small intestine needs for digestion

Question 44

what does the pancreas facilitate and how

Answer 44

digestion in small intestine by secreting bicarbonate(pH8) which is stimulated by secretin

Question 45

how long does the pancreas continue to make bicarbonate

Answer 45

until the chyme is neutralized to pH7 int the duodenum

Question 46

what are the enzymes of digestion for the duodenum stimulated by

Answer 46

CCK