Digestion and Nutrition Flashcards
(71 cards)
Green plants are ________ organisms that are mostly ________ while others ________
autotrophic, chlorophyll-bearing phototrophs, chemotrophs
Two types of autotrophs and their differences
Phototrophs and Chemotrophs.
Phototrophs gain energy from the sun; Chemotrophs gain energy from carbon dioxide.
What kind of nutrition type are animals? Explain.
Heterotrophic, they cannot produce their own food and instead, eats other plants and animals.
Animals that feed on dead or decaying organic matter
Saprophagous (crabs, lobster, flies, beetles, butterflies)
What happens to food that is reduced by digestion?
Absorbed and transported to the body tissues > Assimilated into the structure of cells > Oxidized to yield energy and heat > Stored for future use
Undigested material is egested as ______
Feces
Two kinds of digestion
Mechanical and Chemical
What happens during digestion in sponges and protozoa?
It occurs intracellularly and food particles are phagocytized.
Ocean drifting microscopic particles consist of?
Plankton and organic debris
What are Filter feeders?
They use ciliated surfaces to draw drifting food particles into their mouth. Many use mucous sheets while others use sweeping movements.
What is particulate feeding?
A feeding strategy where organisms consume solid particles suspended in the surrounding medium, such as water or air.
Deposit Feeding
Obtaining food by extracting organic material or detritus (debris) from the substrate (the material or surface on which they live or feed).
It is an annelid (segmented worm) that is an example of a deposit feeder. It stretches out its feeding tentacles across the surface.
Amphitrite
Also known as crushing or chewing
Mastication
Four types of teeth and their functions
Incisors (Biting, striping), Canines (Tearing, piercing), Premolars and molars (Grinding, crushing)
Herbivores: Usually lack _____ but have well-developed _____
Canines, molars
What is Mammalian Dentition?
Arrangement of teeth found in mammals.
Parasites use an _____ to keep blood from clotting.
anticoagulant
The process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle
Phagocytosis
Also known as the digestive system
Alimentary System
Enzymes that use water to split complex molecules in hydrolysis
Hydrolytic Enzymes
Also known as the digestive tract
Alimentary Canal
What does gut movement do to the gut content?
Segmentation
