Digestion Quiz One Prep

Question 1

Macromolecules

Answer 1

Large complex organic molecules.
Made of several subunits

Question 2

What are the four types of macromolecules

Answer 2

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

Question 3

How are macromolecules combined

Answer 3

Dehydration synthesis

Question 4

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 4

A hydroxyl (OH) group and the (H) of another molecule are removed.
(They are removing water to combine monomers)
Use Enzymes

Question 5

Monomer

Answer 5

Has OH (hydroxyl left) and H and (hydrogen right ) on each side.

Question 6

What are the bonds with monomers called

Answer 6

Covalent bonds

Question 7

What are many monomers

Answer 7

polymers

Question 8

How are macromolecules broken down

Answer 8

By adding water in hydroloysis

Question 9

Glucose chemical formula

Answer 9

C6 H12 O6

Question 10

Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Always have C, H or O
Used for short/ long term energy storage
Eaten for short term energy

Question 11

What is the code for carbohydrates

Answer 11

2H 1O 1C

Question 12

What is the monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 12

Monosaccharide

Question 13

Types of carbohydrates

Answer 13

Simple sugars
Monosachrides
Disacarides
Polysaccarhides

Question 14

Simple sugars

Answer 14

3 to 7 carbons

Question 15

Monosacachride

Answer 15

Only one simple sugar

Question 16

Disacaride

Answer 16

2 monosacarides

Question 17

Polysacarides

Answer 17

Several monosacarides (simple sugars) linked

Question 18

What do most simple sugars end with?

Answer 18

Ose

Question 19

What are the three types of polysacharides

Answer 19

Glycosen
Starch
Cellulose

Question 20

Glycosen

Answer 20

Storage of glucose for animals in the liver

Question 21

Starch

Answer 21

The energy storage in plants (also called amylose)

Question 22

Cellulose

Answer 22

Makes up cell walls in plants. Fiber

Question 23

Cellulose Fiber

Answer 23

Humans cannot break it down but helps everything move along

Question 24

Lipids

Answer 24

Are insoluable
Have more energy than any other macromolecule and should be eaten for long term energy
Phospolipid
Include fats and oils

Question 25

What are lipids made up of

Answer 25

Glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 26

What are the monomers of a lipid

Answer 26

Glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 27

Saturated fats

Answer 27

Single bond and have animal products (fats)

Question 28

Unsaturated fats

Answer 28

Double bonds and dont come from animal products (oils)

Question 29

What fats are good

Answer 29

Saturated and unsaturated

Question 30

Transfat

Answer 30

Not good fats and found in fried foods

Question 31

What are proteins composed of

Answer 31

Are composed of amino acids and the monomer is amino acids.

Question 32

What is the connection between each amino acid called

Answer 32

peptide band

Question 33

Dipeptide/ polypeptide

Answer 33

Include several peptides

Question 34

Proteins

Answer 34

Have 20 groups of amino acids and 11 the body generates and 9 must be indjested. Some are soluble The structure of the protein determies the function

Question 35

What does the R group do

Answer 35

Determines the function of a protein

Question 36

Nucleic acids

Answer 36

Direct growth and have RNA and DNA Consits of monomers and nucleotides

Question 37

Nucleotides

Answer 37

Are the monomers of nucleic acids

Question 38

What are nucleic acids composed of

Answer 38

Phopspahte 5c sugar Nitrogen containing

Question 39

Are vitamins and minerals macrolmolecules

Answer 39

NO

Question 40

Organic

Answer 40

Means it contains hydrogen and carbon

Question 41

Vitamins

Answer 41

organic small amounts helps enzymes helps disease resistance extracted from plants/ animals nutrients the body needs

Question 42

What are the two types of vitamins

Answer 42

Fat soluble Water soluble

Question 43

Where are vitamins extracted from

Answer 43

plants and animals

Question 44

Minerals

Answer 44

non organic found in the earth make enzymes help create strong bones for nerve implusles.

Question 45

Two types of minerals

Answer 45

Macrol and trace minerals

Question 46

Enduced fit

Answer 46

The enzyme hugs the substrate