Digestive System

Question 1

What are the functions of the digestive tract?

Answer 1

prehension, mastication, chemical digestion of food, absorption of water and nutrients, and elimination of wastes

Question 2

What is the structure of the digestive tract composed of?

Answer 2

mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer, serosa, and mesentery

Question 3

What is peristalsis?

Answer 3

wave like movement along the tract, propels digestive tract contents along the tube ahead of them.

Question 4

What do segmental contractions do?

Answer 4

mixes digestive tract contents and slows their movement through the tract.

Question 5

What does the buccal cavity consist of?

Answer 5

lips, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, hard palate, soft palate. and oropharynx

Question 6

what are the 3 types of salivary glands?

Answer 6

parotid, mandibular, and sublingual

Question 7

What is the dental formula for an adult canine?

Answer 7

I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3

Question 8

what is the dental formula for an adult feline?

Answer 8

I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1

Question 9

What is the dental formula for an adult equine?

Answer 9

I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3-4/3, M 3/3

Question 10

What is the dental formula for an adult Porcine?

Answer 10

I 3/3, C1/1, P 4/4, M 3/3

Question 11

what is the dental formula for an adult bovine?

Answer 11

I 0/3, C 0/1, P 3/3, M 3/3

Question 12

What are the oral cavity functions?

Answer 12

prehend food, initiate mastication, initiate chemical digestion, prepare food for swallowing

Question 13

What are 3 digestive enzymes?

Answer 13

amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate and phosphate

Question 14

with digestive enzymes parasympathetic stimulation __?_____ salvation

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

with digestive enzymes sympathetic nervous system stimulation __?_____ salvation

Answer 15

decreases

Question 16

What are the 5 different areas of the monogastric stomach?

Answer 16

cardia, fundus, body, pyloric antrum, pyloris

Question 17

what is the cardia?

Answer 17

opening from the esophagus

Question 18

what is the fundus?

Answer 18

distensible blind pouch; expands as more food is swallowed

Question 19

what is the body?

Answer 19

distensible middle section

Question 20

what are the 3 gastric glands?

Answer 20

parietal, chief, mucous

Question 21

what does the pyloric antrum do?

Answer 21

grinds up swallowed food, regulates hydrochloric acid

Question 22

what does the pylorus do?

Answer 22

regulates the movement of chime from the stomach into the duodenum

Question 23

Fundus and body _____ with swallowing food

Answer 23

relax

Question 24

body of stomach ________ to help mix food

Answer 24

contracts

Question 25

pyloric antrum _______ contractions in response to swallowing

Answer 25

increases

Question 26

What does gastrin do?

Answer 26

increases production of hydrochloric acid, inhibits muscle activity of the fundus

Question 27

what does Secretin do?

Answer 27

can cause fundus to relax, inhibit peristalsis of the body and slow gastric emptying

Question 28

what is CCK?

Answer 28

Cholecystokinin; released in response to large amounts of fats or protein in duodenum; decreases contractions of the antrum, body and fundus.

Question 29

what does pepsinogen do?

Answer 29

breaks down proteins

Question 30

what does intrinsic factor do?

Answer 30

important for absorption of b12 in some animals

Question 31

What is rumination?

Answer 31

regurgitation of food to chew on it more before swallowing it again

Question 32

what are the parts of a ruminants stomach?

Answer 32

abomasum, reticulum, rumen, omasum

Question 33

newborn ruminants have what type of digestive system?

Answer 33

monogastric

Question 34

the small intestine consists of?

Answer 34

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ileocecal sphincter

Question 35

what are the five pancreatic proteases?

Answer 35

trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase

Question 36

what are the components of the large intestine?

Answer 36

cecum, colon, rectum

Question 37

what animals have hind gut digestion?

Answer 37

rabbit, guinea pigs, rats, and horses

Question 38

what are the restrictive areas of the digestive system?

Answer 38

choke, thoracic inlet, cardia sphincter, pyloric sphincter, ileocecal junction and anal sphincter

Question 39

what are the digestive system functions of the body?

Answer 39

filtration of materials absorbed from GI tract, production of bile, production of proteins, storage and metabolism of glucose, amino acid, storage for blood, vitamins, removes particulate material and bacteria from blood.

Question 40

what % of blood entering the liver is venous blood from the portal vein (in animals)?

Answer 40

75%

Question 41

what % of blood entering the liver is arterial blood from the hepatic artery (in animals)?

Answer 41

25%