Digestive System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

Answer 1

To break down food into nutrients that the body can absorb.

Question 2

True or False: The esophagus is responsible for nutrient absorption.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The _______ produces bile, which aids in the digestion of fats.

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

Which organ is primarily responsible for water absorption?

Answer 4

Large intestine

Question 5

What is the role of the stomach in digestion?

Answer 5

To mix food with gastric juices and break it down into a semi-liquid form.

Question 6

True or False: The pancreas secretes enzymes that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 7

To complete digestion and absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The _______ connects the throat (pharynx) to the stomach.

Answer 8

esophagus

Question 9

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the initial breakdown of food?

Answer 9

Mouth

Question 10

Multiple choice: What structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing? A) Epiglottis B) Uvula C) Larynx D) Pharynx

Answer 10

A) Epiglottis

Question 11

What is the primary role of saliva in digestion?

Answer 11

To begin the breakdown of carbohydrates and lubricate food for easier swallowing.

Question 12

True or False: The rectum is the final section of the small intestine.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

What is the term for the rhythmic contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

Answer 13

Peristalsis

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for the absorption of most nutrients.

Answer 14

small intestine

Question 15

Which digestive organ is divided into three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?

Answer 15

Small intestine

Question 16

Multiple choice: Which structure absorbs water and electrolytes? A) Stomach B) Small intestine C) Large intestine D) Pancreas

Answer 16

C) Large intestine

Question 17

What is the main function of the gallbladder?

Answer 17

To store and concentrate bile.

Question 18

True or False: The small intestine is shorter than the large intestine.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The _______ secretes hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes.

Answer 19

stomach

Question 20

Which organ is responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs?

Answer 20

Liver

Question 21

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a function of the digestive system? A) Hormone production B) Nutrient absorption C) Waste elimination D) All of the above

Answer 21

D) All of the above

Question 22

What is the role of intestinal villi?

Answer 22

To increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine.

Question 23

Di/tripeptides —-> amino acids using what intestinal juice?

Answer 23

Peptidases

Question 24

Nucleotides ——> sugar, phosphate, N-rings using what intestinal juice?

Answer 24

Nucleosidase

Question 25

Maltose—-> glucose + glucose using what intestinal juice?

Answer 25

Maltase

Question 26

Sucrose —-> glucose + fructose using what intestinal juice?

Answer 26

Sucrase

Question 27

Lactose —-> glucose + galactose using what intestinal juice?

Answer 27

Lactase

Question 28

Pharynx structure (location)

Answer 28

Back of the throat, opens to respiratory and digestive system

Question 29

Esophagus structure

Answer 29

30cm tube. Connects pharynx to stomach

Question 30

Lower esophageal sphincter (cardiac sphincter

Answer 30

Stops food from reentering the esophagus

Question 31

What’s released when proteins enter stomach?

Answer 31

HCl. This creates a pH of 2.5 which kills bacteria.

Question 32

Duodenum

Answer 32

Chemical digestion from pancreatic & intestinal juices

Question 33

Pancreas

Answer 33

Endocrine gland: makes insulin & glucagon Exocrine gland: makes enzymes to digest carbs, fats, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 34

What happens to blood in the liver?

Answer 34

1. Detoxifies harmful substances 2. Regulates blood glucose level 3. Deamination of amino acids 4. Destroys old red blood cells and recycles hemoglobin 5. Produces bile 6. Produces blood plasma proteins

Question 35

Where the digestion of starch start?

Answer 35

In the mouth by salivary amylase

Question 36

Where does the digestion of proteins start?

Answer 36

In the stomach

Question 37

Where does the digestion of fats occur?

Answer 37

Mainly in the small intestine