Digestive System

Question 1

Digestive System

Answer 1

responsible for the digestion of foods and absorption of nutrients

Question 2

“You are what you eat” Why is that said?

Answer 2

Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates are created from the proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates in the foods we eat.

Question 3

How does the digestive system provide more SA

Answer 3

By twisting and turning to provide additional surface area in order to absorb the most possible nutrients

Question 4

Mouth

Answer 4

1. Salivary Glands
2. Teeth
3. Tongue

Question 5

1. Salivary Glands

Answer 5

• Digestion begins even before the first bite
• There are three major salivary glands
• Water, mucus, and amylase is produced

Question 6

Teeth

Answer 6

• Food broken down into smaller pieces and mixed with saliva.

Incisors: used for cutting and cropping
Canines: used to hold and tear food
Premolars and molars: used for grinding and chewing

Question 7

Herbivores Teeth Structure

Answer 7

Have incisors to cut food and large ridged molars to grind food

Question 8

Carnivores teeth structure

Answer 8

Have small incisors, large canines, but also sharp carnassial teeth used to tearing meat off bones

Question 9

Omnivores

Answer 9

Have molars that roll and crush a variety of foods

Question 10

Tongue

Answer 10

Pushes the food to the teeth and to the back of the throat

Question 13

Esophagus

Answer 13

Muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. Peristalsis occurs here when muscle contractions moves the bolus into the stomach

Question 14

Stomach

Answer 14

Organ that releases acids and enzymes to digest food

Question 15

Mechanical digestion of the Stomach

Answer 15

Muscles twist and churn to mix foods with enzymes and acids

Question 16

Chemical digestion of the Stomach

Answer 16

Hydrochloric acid and peptsin break down food

Question 17

Why does the mucus coat the stomach lining?

Answer 17

To prevent acids and enzymes from self digestion

Question 18

Small Intestine

Answer 18

Location where nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream

Question 19

Duodenum

Answer 19

• Acidic Chyme is neutralised by bicarbonate
• Gall Bladder: mixes bile with chyme to aid breakdown fat
• Pancreas: mixes various enzymes to break down proteins, lipid, carbohydrates and nucleic acids

Question 20

Jejunum

Answer 20

Location where most nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream, it uses the villi and microbiology to increase the surface area to effectively have the nutrients be absorbed

Question 21

Illum

Answer 21

Absorbs various vitamins and remaining nutrients from chyme

Question 22

What are three major salivary glands

Answer 22

• Parotid Glands
• Submandibular glands
• Sublingual glands

Question 23

Three Main Parts of Large Intestine

Answer 23

• Ascending Colon
• Transverse Colon
• Descending Colon

Question 24

Large Intestine

Answer 24

Extracts moisture from the chyme prior to removal from the body

Question 25

Why does Diarrhea occur

Answer 25

When too little water is absorbed

Question 26

Why does Constipation occur

Answer 26

When too much water is absorbed

Question 27

Rectum

Answer 27

stores feces until elimination

Question 28

Anus

Answer 28

Ring of muscle

Question 29

What does the malfunction of the digestive system lead to

Answer 29

Coeliac disease

Question 30

What is coeliac disease

Answer 30

An autoimmune disorder that damages the small intestine. This is triggered by consuming foods that contain gluten.

Question 31

What does Coeliac disorder cause?

Answer 31

Long lasting digestive problems and keeps your body from getting all the nutrients it needs

Question 32

What happens to the mucosa layer when Coeliac disease occurs

Answer 32

The mucosa layer of the small intestine is damaged, causing inflammation of the villi. This can lead to the surface area of the small intestine being reduced, leading to a lack of absorption of essential vitamins and minerals