Digestive System

Question 1

Peritoneum

Answer 1

Peritoneo, serous saclike lining in abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 2

Crohn’s Disease

Answer 2

Enfermedad de Crohn; inflammation of intestinal tract–affecting ileum, causing ulcerations & scar tissue; AKA regional ileitis or regional enteritis

Question 3

Anastomosis

Answer 3

Anastomosis; opening created by surgery joining 2 structures, i.e. blood vessels or bowel segments

Question 4

Upper GI series

Answer 4

Tránsito gastroduodenal or esofagogastroduodenal or Análisis del tubo digestivo superior; radiography of stomach & duodenum after swallowing barium

Question 5

Fecal occult blood test

Answer 5

Prueba de hemorragia digestiva oculta; test for blood in feces, under mircroscope

Question 6

Peristalsis

Answer 6

Peristaltismo; wavelike contractions that propel food along digestive tract

Question 7

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Answer 7

Síndrome del colon irritable; diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain

Question 8

Adhesion

Answer 8

Adherencia, brida; abnormal growing together of 2 surfaces that are normally separate

Question 9

Alimentary canal

Answer 9

Canal alimenticio; digestive or GI tract

Question 10

Cirrhosis

Answer 10

Cirrosis; chronic liver disease–destruction of cells & formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism

Question 11

Cholelithiasis

Answer 11

Colelitiasis; gall stones

Question 12

Colon

Answer 12

Colon; has 4 parts: ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid

Question 13

Pancreas

Answer 13

Páncreas; helps in digestion–secretes insulin to metabolize carbs

Question 14

Aphagia

Answer 14

Afagia; inability to swallow

Question 15

Colorectal

Answer 15

Colorrectal; pertaining to colon & rectum

Question 16

Dyspepsia

Answer 16

Dispepsia; difficult digestion

Question 17

Dysphagia

Answer 17

Disfagia; difficult swallowing

Question 18

Melena

Answer 18

Melena; black, tarry stool with digested blood

Question 19

Bowel

Answer 19

Entrañas

Question 20

Bariatric surgery

Answer 20

Cirugía bariátrica; i.e. gastric bypass surgery

Question 21

Constipated

Answer 21

Estreñido

Question 22

Heartburn

Answer 22

Acidez, agruras (colloq)

Question 23

Waste products

Answer 23

Desperdicias

Question 24

Duodenum

Answer 24

Duodeno; 1st 10-12 inches of small intestine

Question 25

Liver

Answer 25

Hígado; produces bile (bilis) to digest fats & performs other digestive functions. Makes plasma proteins, heparin; destroys old RBCs; breaks down poisons; collects, processes & stores nutrients; makes bile

Question 26

Cholecystitis

Answer 26

Colecistitis; inflammation of gall bladder

Question 27

To have indigestion from overeating

Answer 27

Estar entripado

Question 28

Barium enema

Answer 28

Enema de bario

Question 29

Indigestion

Answer 29

Indigestión

Question 30

Constipation

Answer 30

Estreñimiento

Question 31

sub-acute bowel obstruction

Answer 31

bowels are almost completely blocked and food cannot pass through

Question 32

pyloric valve

Answer 32

Válvula pilórica. opening between stomach and small intestine

Question 33

diverticulitis

Answer 33

inflammation of small blind pouches (diverticula) in living of colon. can cause infections, tears & blockages

Question 34

gallstones

Answer 34

Cálculos biliares, piedras biliares solid particles that form from bile in gallbladder. caused by crystallization of cholesterol or excess bilirubin pigment stones

Question 35

peritonitis

Answer 35

acute inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 36

ulcerative colitis

Answer 36

inflammatory bowel disease in which there is ongoing inflammation and sores in the large intestine and rectum

Question 37

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Answer 37

tube inserted into duodenum and dye injected to take X-ray of bile ducts

Question 38

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

Answer 38

dye injected to take X-ray of liver and bile ducts

Question 39

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

Answer 39

MRI used to obtain pictures of bile ducts

Question 40

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube

Answer 40

inserted through gastrostomy (alternative to eating by mouth)

Question 41

Hepatitis inducida por el alcohol

Answer 41

Alcoholic Hepatitis

Question 42

Ampula de Vater

Answer 42

Ampulla of Vater; also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla,or as hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct. The ampulla is specifically located at the major duodenal papilla.

Question 43

ciego (body part)

Answer 43

cecum

Question 44

quimo

Answer 44

chyme; liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes.

Question 45

conducto cístico

Answer 45

cystic duct; The cystic duct is an important player in the digestive process. The system needs bile to help break down food and the cystic ducttransfers bile between the gallbladder and common and hepatic bileducts.

Question 46

yeyuno

Answer 46

jejunum;the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum

Question 47

jejunum;the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum

Answer 47

yeyuno