Obstetrics and Gynecology/Genetic Counseling Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
Nulligravida
A
Nuligrávida, no pregnancies
2
Q
Nullipara
A
Nulípara, no births
3
Q
Breech presentation
A
Parto o presentación de nalgas, presentación podálica
4
Q
Meconium
A
Mecónio, first stool of newborn
5
Q
Amenorrhea
A
Amenorrea, absence of menstrual discharge
6
Q
Dysmenorrhea
A
Dismenorrea, painful menstrual discharge
7
Q
Oophoritis
A
Ooforitis, inflammation of ovary
8
Q
Hymenotomy
A
Himenotomía, incision of hymen
9
Q
Hysterectomy
A
Histerectomía, excision of uterus
10
Q
Dilation and Curettage or D&C
A
Dilatación y curetaje, performed to diagnose disease, correct bleeding, empty uterine content
11
Q
Transvaginal sonography
A
Sonografía (ecograma) transvaginal, ultrasound to see ovaries, uterus, cervix, etc.
12
Q
Pap smear
A
Prueba o frotis de Papanicolao
13
Q
Mastalgia
A
Mastalgia, pain in breast
14
Q
Menarche
A
Menarca, start of mentruation, first period
15
Q
Oligohydramnios
A
Oligohidramnios, scanty amniotic fluid
16
Q
Polyhydramnios
A
Polihidramnios, much amniotic fluid
17
Q
Amniotomy
A
Amniotomía, incision into amnion
18
Q
Lactorrhea
A
Lactorrea, spontaneous discharge of milk
19
Q
Gravida
A
Embarazada
20
Q
Multigravida
A
2 or more pregnancies
21
Q
Multipara
A
2 o more births
22
Q
Antepartum
A
Prenatal
23
Q
Placenta previa
A
Placenta previa, abnormal low implantation of placenta on uterine wall
24
Q
Abruptio placentae
A
Separación premadura de placenta (from uterine wall)
25
Dystocia
Distocia, difficult labor
26
Gestation, pregnancy
Gestación, embarazo
27
Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Terapia de reemplazo hormonal, terapia hormonal sustitutiva
28
Dyspareunia
Dispareunia, difficult or painful intercourse
29
Hysterosalpingogram
Histerosalpingografía, image of uterus and uterine tubes
30
Tubal ligation
Ligadura de trompas, ligadura tubaria. Tying of tubes
31
Myomectomy
Miomectomía, excision of fibroid tumor (myoma) from uterus
32
Salpingo-oophorectomy
Ovariosalpingectomía, excision of uterine tube and ovary
33
Oophorectomy
Ovariectomía, excision of ovary
34
Episiorrhaphy
Episiorrafía, suture of tear in vulva
35
Prolapsed uterus
Prolapso del útero, downward displacement of uterus into vagina
36
Fibroid tumor
Tumor fibroide, myoma of uterus or leiomyoma
37
Endometriosis
Endometriosis, endometrial tissue grows outside of uterus, i.e. ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, uterus
38
Salpingitis
Salpingitis, inflammation of uterine tube
39
Menometrorrhagia
Menometrorragia, rapid flow of blood at menstruation and between cycles
40
Puerperium
Puerperio, period from delivery until reproductive organs return to normal (6 weeks)
41
Congenital anomaly
Anomalía congénita
42
Microcephalus
Microcéfalo, fetus with very small head
43
Neonate
Neonato, newborn, recien nacido, from birth to 4 weeks
44
Cleft lip
Labio leporino or fisura labial
45
Cleft palate
Paladar hendido or fisura palatina
46
Pyloric stenosis
Estenosis pilórica, narrowing of pyloric sphincter
47
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (de recien nacido o neonatal)
48
Spina bifida
Espina bifida, congenital defect. Failure of vertebral arch to close
49
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria
50
Forceps
Fórceps
51
Afterbirth
Placenta
52
Carry to term
Llevar a término
53
Fetal monitor
Monitor fetal
54
Episiotomy
Episiotomía
55
Dilated
Dilatado
56
Amniocentesis
Amniocentesis
57
Ultrasound
Ultrasonido
58
Caesarean section
Sección cesárea
59
Toxemia
Toxemia
60
Eclampsia
Eclampsia
61
Contraction
Contracción
62
Induce (labor)
Inducir
63
Prenatal care
Atención prenatal
64
Miscarriage
Aborto espontáneo, aborto natural
65
Crowning
Aparición de la cabeza fetal
66
Amniotic fluid
Líquido amniótico
67
Amniotic sac
Saco amniótico
68
Mentrual cramp
Cólico menstrual
69
Midwife
Partera, matrona, comadrona
70
Morning sickness
Náuseas del embarazo
71
To nurse, breastfeed
Amamantar, dar de mamar, dar el pecho
72
hyperemesis gravidarum
excessive vomiting during pregnancy which may lead to dehydration or loss of electrolytes
73
cardiotocograph (CTG)
records baby's heartbeat via abdominal disc which has been strapped to mother's stomach. also records strength/frequency of contractions
74
chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
usually done between 9 and 11 weeks where a sample of early placental tissue is taken to check for abnormalities
75
biparetal diameter (BPD)
measurement of fetal head done via ultrasound to assess how far along pregnancy is
76
fetal scalp electrode (FSE)
lead attached to baby's head via vagina--connected to machine which accurately records baby's heartbeat
77
mucus plug
covers cervix during pregnancy to protect fetus from infection--discharged early in labor
78
lochia
vaginal discharge after giving birth
79
postpartum depression
normal reaction to childbirth--tearfulness, panic due to massive hormonal changes
80
APGAR score
Appearance (skin color), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex to stimulation), Activity (muscle tone), Respiration (breathing). Best outcome is overall score of 9 or 10; score of \<3 means baby needs immediate medical attention
81
anoxia
complete lack of oxygen to newborn
82
hypoxia
insufficient oxygen to newborn
83
hemolysis
break down of red blood cells (one cause of anemia which can lead to hypoxia)
84
fetal dystocia
fetus presents in position that makes delivery difficult
85
hyaline membrane disease
infant respiratory distress syndrome
86
surfactant deficiency
baby's air sacs (alveoli) unable to expand, causing respiratory difficulties
87
persistent fetal circulation
AKA persistent pulmonary hypertension--baby's circulation reverts back to fetal circulation because not getting enough air through lungs
88
hypoxic-isquemic encephalopathy
baby's brain suffers effects of insufficient oxygen supply--need artificial ventilation
89
persistent fetal circulation
AKA persistent pulmonary hypertension or Patent Ductus Arteriosus--baby's circulation reverts back to fetal circulation because not getting enough air through lungs
90
hypoxic-isquemic encephalopathy
baby's brain suffers effects of insufficient oxygen supply--need artificial ventilation
91
intraventricular hemorrhage
brain bleed in preterm neonate
92
necrotizing enterocolitis
inflammation of gut specific to preterm babies--can be treated with antibiotics. Can lead to perforation if untreated
93
CPAP
Continuous Positive Airways Pressure. Breathing support for after ventilator is removed, to try to encourage spontaneous respiration
94
CPAP
Continuous Positive Airways Pressure. Breathing support for after ventilator is removed, to try to encourage spontaneous respiration
95
passive vs. active immunity
passive: immunity to diseases inherited by fetus/baby through mother's antibodies in blood & breast milk. active: antibodies developed when baby fights illness himself
96
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
baby suddenly stops breathing for no known reason--causes cardiac arrest and death
97
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy and causes a number of problems involving heart, skeleton, neurological, mental
98
Scarlet fever
acute infection of the throat--strep with all over rash. Can cause ear infection, sinusitis and rheumatic fever
99
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
produced in pituitary gland--influences egg production
100
luteinizing hormone (LH)
produced in pituitary gland--influences egg production
101
human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
hormone produced by uterine lining after embryo has embedded--detected in urine or blood test for pregnancy
102
chloasma
mask of pregnancy--pigmentation of face, which fades after childbirth
103
intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
slowing down of fetal growth leading to baby who is small for gestational age
104
placental abruption
placenta comes away from womb after 28 weeks
105
placenta previa
painless bleeding from separation of an abnormally situated placenta, which lies partly or wholly in lower uterine segment
106
rhesus disease
if mother is rhesus negative--and fetus is RH positive, and blood mixes between mother and baby, mother can form antibodies. in further pregnancies, antibodies in mother's bloodstream can cross placenta and destroy baby's RBCs (causing hemolysis, anemia) if the baby is RH positive
107
Prueba fetal de alpha-proteina
Alpha-fetoprotein test (AFP); Screen for problems in the baby during pregnancy
108
falta de menstruación
absent periods
109
amenorrea, o ausencia del período
amenorrhea
110
Muestra de vellosidad coriónica
Chorionic Villus Sampling; or CVS--prenatal test in which a sample of chorionic villi is removed from the placenta for testing. The sample can be taken through the cervix (transcervical) or the abdominal wall
111
ligadura de las trompas
tubal ligation
112
romper fuente
water breaks
113
birth control
métodos anticonceptivos
114
uterine lining
mucosa uterina, endometrio
115
suppress (ovulation)
suprimir
116
release (egg)
soltar
117
sperm
esperma
118
absent periods
falta de menstruación
119
Alpha-fetoprotein test (AFP); Screen for problems in the baby during pregnancy
Prueba fetal de alpha-proteina
120
amenorrhea
amenorrea, o ausencia del período
121
birth - first stage
primera etápa del nacimiento
122
birth - second stage
segunda etápa del nacimiento
123
birth - third stage
tercera etápa del nacimiento
124
caesarean birth
parto por cesárea
125
cervicitis
inflamación del cuello uterino
126
Chorionic Villus Sampling; or CVS--prenatal test in which a sample of chorionic villi is removed from the placenta for testing. The sample can be taken through the cervix (transcervical) or the abdominal wall
Muestra de vellosidad coriónica
127
fundus of uterus; The fundus of the uterus is the top portion, opposite from the cervix
fondo del útero
128
Myometrium
miometrio
129
oral contraceptives method
métodos de contracepción contraceptivos orales
130
physical prevention contraception methods
métodos de contracepción prevención física
131
Spotting
goteo; manchado
132
water breaks
romper fuente
133
birth control
métodos anticonceptivos
134
suppress (ovulation)
suprimir
135
release (egg)
soltar
136
nurse (baby)
amamantar
137
Secretory and proliferative phases
Fase Secretoria y Fase Proliferativa
138
Yeast infection
Infección vaginal por hongos levaduriformes, candidiasis, infección por cándida
