Digestive System

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Happens in the large intestine

Question 2

Acid

Answer 2

Found in the stomach

Is able to be in the stomach because of its low pH levels

Question 3

Amylase

Answer 3

Enzyme found in mouth that breaks down food

Question 4

Bile

Answer 4

Made in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, used in the small intestine to break down fat

Question 5

Bloodstream

Answer 5

Water and vitamins and things are absorbed into bloodstream from large instestine

Question 6

Carbohydrates

Answer 6

Elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Monomer: monosaccharides
Functions: source of energy for almost all organisms, bond together to make complex carbohydrates polysaccharides
Examples: starch (in plants), cellulose (in plants), glycogen (in animals)
Food Sources: candy, cereal, grains, soda, rice, bread, pasta
ENERGY SOURCE FOR BODY

Question 7

Proteins

Answer 7

Elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
Monomer: amino acids (20 types)
Functions: grow hair and finger nails, fight diseases, speed up chemical reactions, muscle contractions
Examples: keratin, insulin, antibodies, hemoglobin, enzymes
Food Sources: plant derived foods; nuts, grains, seeds
animal sources; meat, milk, eggs
ENERGY SOURCE FOR BODY

Question 8

Lipids

Answer 8

Elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Monomer: glycerol, fatty acids
Functions: make hormones and cell membranes, long-term energy storage
Examples: lipid bilayer in cell membrane
Food Sources: fish oil
ENERGY SOURCE FOR BODY

Question 9

Nucleic Acids

Answer 9

Elements: phosphorus, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Monomer: nucleotides
Functions: stores genetic information
Examples: DNA & RNA
Food Sources: found in anything you eat that comes from a living organism(is found in nucleus) like plants or animals
NOT ENERGY SOURCE FOR BODY

Question 10

Digestion

Answer 10

-The action of breaking down the food your body consumed
Two Types:
Physical: the breakup of large foods into smaller ones (mouth & stomach)
Chemical: the break up of bonds within large molecules that makeup food to form smaller molecules (mouth, small intestine, stomach)

Question 11

Esophagus

Answer 11

• Food goes from mouth to esophagus to stomach
• No type of digestion happens there
• Contains smooth muscles (peristalsis) that move food along

Question 12

Gall Bladder

Answer 12

-Stores bile

Question 13

Large Intestine

Answer 13

• Water is absorbed into bloodstream

- Chemical digestion

Question 14

Liver

Answer 14

-Makes bile

Question 15

Mouth

Answer 15

• Chemical digestion: amylase breaks down food molecules

- Physical digestion: chewing breaks down food

Question 16

Mucus lining

Answer 16

• Found in stomach

- Prevents stomach acid from burning through stomach lining

Question 17

Pancrease

Answer 17

-Makes 3 enzymes: pancreatic amylase, pancreatic protease, pancreatic lipase

Question 18

Pancreatic Amylase

Answer 18

• Enzyme

- Found in small intestine

Question 19

Pancreatic Protease

Answer 19

• Enzyme
• Found in small intestine
• Breaks down proteins

Question 20

Pancreatic Lipase

Answer 20

• Enzyme
• Found in small intestine
• Breaks down lipids & fats

Question 21

Pepsin

Answer 21

• Found in stomach
• Active protein-digesting enzyme
• Breaks down large proteins into smaller polypeptides

Question 22

Peristalsis

Answer 22

• Smooth muscles found in esophagus

- Moves food down esophagus

Question 23

Saliva

Answer 23

• Found in mouth

- Assists with chemical digestion in mouth

Question 24

Small intesine

Answer 24

• Chemical digestion

- 3 enzymes: pancreatic protease, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic amylase

Question 25

Stomach

Answer 25

• Chemical & physical digestion
• Chemical (pepsin)
• Physical (churning of stomach)
• Mucus lining
• Acid, low pH level

Question 26

Villus, villi

Answer 26

-Little hairs that increase surface area

Question 27

Water

Answer 27

-Absorbed into bloodstream in large intestine

Question 28

Goal

Answer 28

Breakdown food and absorb it into the bloodstream do cells can use it for energy