Digestive System Perals

Question 1

Secretin and cholecystokinin (stimulate/delay) gastric emptying.

Answer 1

Delay

Question 2

Gastric and motilin (stimulate/delay) gastric emptying.

Answer 2

Stimulate

Question 3

The composition of saliva depends on the (rate of eating, it’s secretion).

Answer 3

It’s secretion

Question 4

Saliva contains (lymphocytes, immunoglobulin a), which can help prevent infection.

Answer 4

Immunoglobulin a

Question 5

Stretching the esophagus or intestine by bolus of food causes (peristalsis, relaxation).

Answer 5

Peristalsis

Question 6

Fatty foods (stimulate, delay), gastric emptying; hypertonic gastric contents (stimulate, delay) gastric emptying.

Answer 6

Delay; delay

Question 7

The intestinal brush border is the collection of (villi, microvilli); enzymes in the brush border hydrolyze (oligopeptide’s, amino acids).

Answer 7

Microvilli, oligopeptides

Question 8

Most of the water that enters the gastrointestinal tract each day is absorbed in the (small, large) intestine; sugars are absorbed primarily in the (initial, terminal) portions of the (small, large) intestine.

Answer 8

Small, initial, small

Question 9

The intestinal tract is (sterile, partially colonized) at birth and becomes totally colonized within 3 to 4 (days, weeks).

Answer 9

Sterile; weeks

Question 10

A choleretic. Agent is a substance that stimulates the (pancreas, liver) to secrete(bile, glucagon).

Answer 10

Liver; bile

Question 11

Pancreatic proteases are secreted in (active, inactive) form; pancreatic amylase is are secreted in (active, in active) form; pancreatic Lipases are secreted in (active, inactive) form.

Answer 11

Inactive: active: active

Question 12

As age increases, gastrointestinal motility tends to (increase, decrease.)
Liver blood flow enzyme activity(increase, decrease) with age. Liver function tests (show dysfunction, remain normal) in an older adult who does not have overt liver disease.

Answer 12

Decrease; decreased; remain normal

Question 13

What is the difference between the esophageal wall muscles in the upper third and the lower third of the esophagus?

Answer 13

The upper third of the esophagus has striated muscle, but the lower third has smooth muscle.

Question 14

What is the difference between the visceral and parietal peritoneum?

Answer 14

The visceral layer of the peritoneum covers the abdominal organs, but the parietal layer extends along the abdominal wall.

Question 15

What is the difference between the gastric antrum and fundus?

Answer 15

The antrum of the stomach is the lower portion, but the fundus is the upper portion.

Question 16

What is the difference between a micelle and a chylomicron?

Answer 16

A micelle is a water soluble collection of bile salts and various forms of fat and cholesterol in the intestinal lumen, but a chylomicron is a water-soluble collection of triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipoprotein’s that circulates in the lymph and blood

Question 17

A pancreatic enzymes that digest protein

Answer 17

Trypsin

Question 18

A gastric enzymes that digest protein

Answer 18

Pepsin

Question 19

Salivary enzymes that digest carbohydrates

Answer 19

Ptyalin

Question 20

Pancreatic enzymes that digest carbohydrates

Answer 20

Amylase

Question 21

Intestinal in some that digests disaccharides

Answer 21

Maltase

Question 22

Pancreatic enzymes that digest fat

Answer 22

Lipase

Question 23

Branches of this artery provide most of the blood to the stomach.

Answer 23

Celiac

Question 24

This artery supplies most of the blood to the small intestine

Answer 24

Superior mesenteric

Question 25

Name the three segments of the small intestine in order

Answer 25

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 26

Difficulty swallowing

Answer 26

Dysphagia

Question 27

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 27

Ascites

Question 28

Loss of appetite

Answer 28

Anorexia

Question 29

Vomiting of blood

Answer 29

Hematemesis

Question 30

Dark, tarry stools

Answer 30

Melena

Question 31

Frank bleeding from the rectum

Answer 31

Hematochezia

Question 32

Formation of gallstones

Answer 32

Cholelitiasis

Question 33

Physical wasting with weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, and weakness

Answer 33

Cachexia

Question 34

The muscular a vent of vomiting without the expulsion of vomitus

Answer 34

Retching

Question 35

Distended, tortuous, collateral veins

Answer 35

Varices

Question 36

Absence of an enzyme causing bloating, crampy pain, diarrhea, and flatulence after ingesting milk

Answer 36

Lactase deficiency

Question 37

Functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits

Answer 37

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 38

Rapid gastric emptying of hypertonic time after bariatric surgery causes tachycardia, hypertension, pallor, diaphoresis, cramping, nausea, and diarrhea

Answer 38

Dumping syndrome

Question 39

A symptomatic presence of sac like outpouching's that are continuous with the G.I. tract lumen

Answer 39

Diverticulosis

Question 40

Gastrin secreting tumor causes gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux with abdominal pain, and diarrhea

Answer 40

Zollinger Ellison syndrome

Question 41

Rapid provision of nutrients after starvation cause a severe hypo phosphatemia and other electrolyte imbalance is that may be fatal

Answer 41

Refeeding syndrome

Question 42

Inflammation of saclike out pouching's that are continuous with the G.I. tract lumen

Answer 42

Diverticulitis

Question 43

Increased Bilirubin predominantly conjugated, in the blood due to obstruction of the common bile duct

Answer 43

Cholestatic Jaundice

Question 44

Increased Bilirubin both conjugated and unconjugated in the blood due to failure of liver cells to conjugate Bilirubin and of bilirubin to pass from liver to intestine

Answer 44

Hepatocellular jaundice

Question 45

Necrosis of liver cells without pre-existing liver disease or cirrhosis often do to acetaminophen overdose

Answer 45

Acute liver failure

Question 46

Functional dysphasia caused by loss of esophageal innervation is called

Answer 46

Achalasia

Question 47

Protrusion of the upper part of the stomach through the diaphragm and into the thorax is called

Answer 47

Hiatal hernia

Question 48

Persons who have acute obstruction high in the small intestine are at risk for metabolic

Answer 48

Alkalosis

Question 49

Persons who have acute obstruction low in the small intestine are at risk for metabolic

Answer 49

Acidosis

Question 50

A patient with acute gastritis especially when injure us agents such as insides and alcohol are stopped off in heels within a few

Answer 50

Days

Question 51

Gastric ulcers and what not ulcers both are called this kind of ulcer

Answer 51

Peptic

Question 52

Risk factors for peptic ulcer include H.--------and use of NSAIDs

Answer 52

Pylori

Question 53

Although pancreatic insufficiency cause poor digestion of all nutrients, maldigestion of ___________due to lack of _________ is the chief problem.

Answer 53

Fat | Lipase

Question 54

Diverticula involve herniation of the________ through the muscle layer; the most common location where diverticula develop is the________.

Answer 54

Mucosa, colon