Digital Video Design Flashcards by Travis Stefl

The _____ is the number of rows of horizontal and vertical pixels that create the picture.

native resolution

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_____ is the number of frames per second (fps) sent out from a video source.

Frame rate

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_____ is the number of times per second a display will draw the image sent to it, typically measured in hertz.

Refresh rate

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A display’s refresh rate should be _____ the frame rate of the signals sent to it.

greater than or equal to

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_____ scanning means the lines of each video frame are rendered in sequence.

A. Progressive
B. Interlaced

A. Progressive

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_____ scanning means each video frame has two sequential fields. The first field contains all the odd-numbered lines of pixels, and the second field contains all the even-numbered lines.

A. Progressive
B. Interlaced

B. Interlaced

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Worldwide, most HD television channels broadcast in _____.

A. 720p
B. 1080i
C. 1080p

B. 1080i

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Ultra high-definition video (Ultra HD or UHD) is an umbrella term used to describe video formats with a minimum resolution of ____ × ____ pixels in a ____ aspect ratio.

3840 × 2160 / 16:9

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4K has a resolution of _____ x _____.

4096 x 2160

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_____ reduces color resolution by half or more to pass it through today’s video infrastructure at reasonable bit rates.

Chroma subsampling

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The _____ describes that if a digital signal is carried too far on a cable, the eye pattern will collapse, and the signal will become unreadable.

cliff effect

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Category 5e, 6, and 7 shielded and unshielded twisted-pair or fiber-optic cable are examples of _____ cable.

data-grade

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You can test the stability of a signal by examining the _____, which is the total number of altered bits in a signal after traveling down a cable, caused by noise, interference, distortion, or synchronization errors.

bit error rate (BER)

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_____ is an uncompressed, unencrypted, digital video signal characterized by serial, one-way communication over coaxial cable. It is commonly used for post-production, live-event, house-of-worship, and broadcast facilities.

SDI

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Common versions of SDI

_____ (480i 576i) which carries standard-definition video and audio at up to 360 Mbps using a single BNC connector

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

A. SD-SDI

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Common versions of SDI

_____ (720p, 1080i), which carries high-definition video and audio at up to 1.5 Gbps using two BNC connectors

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

B. HD-SDI

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Common versions of SDI

_____ (1080p), which allows bit rates of nearly 3Gbps over two wires

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

C. Dual Link HD-SDI

Common versions of SDI

_____ (1080p), which carries 1080p and 16 channels of embedded audio at nearly 3 Gbps on a single wire

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

D. 3G-SDI

Common versions of SDI

_____ (4K/30 fps), for UHD and 4K video at 6 Gbps

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

E. 6G-SDI

Common versions of SDI

_____ (4K/60 fps), for UHD and 4K, high-frame-rate video at 12 Gbps

A. SD-SDI
B. HD-SDI
C. Dual Link HD-SDI
D. 3G-SDI
E. 6G-SDI
F. 12G-SDI

F. 12G-SDI

____ is better suited for connection directly to a recording device because it has a locking connector and will transport time code.

A. HDMI
B. DisplayPort
C. HD-SDI
D. DVI

C. HD-SDI

_____ is a technology for transmitting high-speed, serial video data at high, native true-color resolutions. It employs differential signaling to help reduce electromagnetic interference for faster, lossless video transmission.

Transition-minimized differential signaling (TMDS)

_____ based formats use twisted pair, rather than coaxial cables, to help with noise reduction during transmission. The signal is balanced because of common-mode noise reduction. The opposing voltages contained in the signal create the “eye pattern” visible with an oscilloscope.

Transition-minimized differential signaling (TMDS)

_____ is used in both Digital Visual Interface and High-Definition Multimedia Interface technologies and helps eliminate complex analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions. With all the bandwidth required for digital video transmission, the fewer the transitions, the better the signal quality and the faster it will reach its destination.

Transition-minimized differential signaling (TMDS)

HDMI cables and connectors carry _____ differential pairs that make up the TMDS data and clock channels. These channels are used to carry video, audio, and auxiliary data. A. two B. four C. six D. eight

B. four

Digital video destinations (i.e. displays, projectors, etc.) are referred to as the _____.

sink

_____ are structured packets of data that carry information regarding aspects of audio and video transmission, as defined by the EIA/CEA-861B standard.

InfoFrames

The _____ TDMS channel allows the source and display to share resolutions and other identifying information.

Display Data Channel (DDC)

_____ typically include auxiliary video information, generic vendor-specific source product description, MPEG, and audio information.

InfoFrames

_____ provides high-level control functions between all the various AV products in a user’s environment. It is a single-wire, bi-directional serial bus that uses AV link protocols to perform remote-control functions for system-level automation—when all devices in an AV system support it.

Consumer Electronic Control (CEC)

_____ was introduced to replace the extra cables needed to share audio between devices and allows a display to send audio data “upstream” to a receiver or surround-sound controller, eliminating the need for any separate audio connection.

Audio Return Channel (ARC)

_____ enables bi-directional IP-based applications over HDMI and accommodates for future IP networking solutions by allowing multiple devices to share an Internet connection.

HDMI Ethernet Channel (HEC)

When ARC and HEC combine in one port, they are often referred to as _____.

HDMI Ethernet Audio Control (HEAC).

HDMI 2.0a, released in 2015, adds a feature called _____ imaging, which can generate a greater range of luminance levels.

high dynamic range (HDR)

_____ is a way for sources and sinks (video destinations) to communicate their highest common resolution in order to display the best image quality. In other words, it is how a sink describes its capabilities to a source, and vice versa.

Extended Display Identification Data (EDID)

Publishers and copyright owners use _____ technologies to control access to and usage of digital data or hardware. These protocols within devices determine whether content can be allowed to enter a piece of equipment.

digital rights management (DRM)

HDCP stands for _____.

High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection

_____ is a form of encryption developed by Intel to control digital audio and video content. It is a way of authorizing playback.

High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP

HDCP is a DRM technology. A. True B. False

B. False

HDCP 2.2 is backward compatible. A. True B. False

B. False

clients wanting to utilize 4K video will need ____ compliant devices. A. HDCP 1.0 B. HDCP 1.4 C. HDCP 2.0 D. HDCP 2.2

D. HDCP 2.2