Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) Flashcards Preview

Question 1

1

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Classification

Answer

1. Anti-emetic

2. Antihistamine

3. Anticholinergic

4. Anti-vertigo

Question 2

2

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Mechanism

Answer

1. Inhibits vestibular (labyrinth) stimulation from motion

2. Inhibits cholinergic stimulation in vestibular and reticular systems, which may cause nausea and vomiting

Question 3

3

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Indications

Answer

1. Prevention or control of nausea caused by administration of narcotics and/or motion sickness

2. Also has a mild sedative effect for patients about to be moved

Question 4

4

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Contraindications

Answer

1. Known sensitivity to Dimenhydrinate,
Diphenhydramine or caffeine derivatives

Question 5

5

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Caution in patients with

Answer

1. Glaucoma / Increased intraocular pressure

2. Asthma / COPD

3. Cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease and hypertension)

4. Prostatic hyperplasia and urinary obstruction

5. Elderly due to anticholinergic effect

6. Caution in pregnant women (risks/benefits)

Question 6

6

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Dose

Answer

1. 25 to 50 mg

2. 12.5 mg in the frail elderly patient

Question 7

7

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Route and Methods of Administration

Answer

1. IM given as a direct injection

2. IV diluted with D5W or normal saline

3. Given over 1 minute (25 mg/min maximum)

Question 8

8

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Onset, Duration

Answer

1. Almost immediate with IV injection, 3 to 6 hours

Question 9

9

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Elimination

Answer

1. Metabolized in the liver, excreted in urine

Question 10

10

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CNS

Answer

1. Drowsiness

2. Ataxia (overdose)

3. Disorientation (overdose)

4. Excitement

5. Dizziness

6. Nausea

7. Lassitude (Lack of energy)

Question 11

11

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CVS

Answer

1. Hypotension

2. Palpitations

3. Bradycardia/tachycardia

Question 12

12

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GI

Answer

1. Dry mouth

Question 13

13

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - Respiratory

Answer

1. Thickening of bronchial secretions

2. Dry throat

Question 14

14

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GU

Answer

1. Dysuria

Question 15

15

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Special Considerations

Answer

1. Most side effects are dose-related

2. Discontinue if exaggerated side effects occur

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) Flashcards Preview

PCP Drug Monographs > Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) > Flashcards

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Classification

1. Anti-emetic

2. Antihistamine

3. Anticholinergic

4. Anti-vertigo

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Mechanism

1. Inhibits vestibular (labyrinth) stimulation from motion

2. Inhibits cholinergic stimulation in vestibular and reticular systems, which may cause nausea and vomiting

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Indications

1. Prevention or control of nausea caused by administration of narcotics and/or motion sickness

2. Also has a mild sedative effect for patients about to be moved

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Contraindications

1. Known sensitivity to Dimenhydrinate,
Diphenhydramine or caffeine derivatives

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Caution in patients with

1. Glaucoma / Increased intraocular pressure

2. Asthma / COPD

3. Cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease and hypertension)

4. Prostatic hyperplasia and urinary obstruction

5. Elderly due to anticholinergic effect

6. Caution in pregnant women (risks/benefits)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Dose

1. 25 to 50 mg

2. 12.5 mg in the frail elderly patient

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Route and Methods of Administration

1. IM given as a direct injection

2. IV diluted with D5W or normal saline

3. Given over 1 minute (25 mg/min maximum)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Onset, Duration

1. Almost immediate with IV injection, 3 to 6 hours

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Elimination

1. Metabolized in the liver, excreted in urine

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CNS

1. Drowsiness

2. Ataxia (overdose)

3. Disorientation (overdose)

4. Excitement

5. Dizziness

6. Nausea

7. Lassitude (Lack of energy)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CVS

1. Hypotension

2. Palpitations

3. Bradycardia/tachycardia

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GI

1. Dry mouth

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - Respiratory

1. Thickening of bronchial secretions

2. Dry throat

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GU

1. Dysuria

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Special Considerations

1. Most side effects are dose-related

2. Discontinue if exaggerated side effects occur

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Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) Flashcards Preview

PCP Drug Monographs > Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) > Flashcards

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Classification

1. Anti-emetic2. Antihistamine3. Anticholinergic4. Anti-vertigo

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Mechanism

1. Inhibits vestibular (labyrinth) stimulation from motion2. Inhibits cholinergic stimulation in vestibular and reticular systems, which may cause nausea and vomiting

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Indications

1. Prevention or control of nausea caused by administration of narcotics and/or motion sickness2. Also has a mild sedative effect for patients about to be moved

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Contraindications

1. Known sensitivity to Dimenhydrinate, Diphenhydramine or caffeine derivatives

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Caution in patients with

1. Glaucoma / Increased intraocular pressure2. Asthma / COPD3. Cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease and hypertension)4. Prostatic hyperplasia and urinary obstruction5. Elderly due to anticholinergic effect6. Caution in pregnant women (risks/benefits)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Dose

1. 25 to 50 mg2. 12.5 mg in the frail elderly patient

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Route and Methods of Administration

1. IM given as a direct injection2. IV diluted with D5W or normal saline3. Given over 1 minute (25 mg/min maximum)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Onset, Duration

1. Almost immediate with IV injection, 3 to 6 hours

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Elimination

1. Metabolized in the liver, excreted in urine

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CNS

1. Drowsiness2. Ataxia (overdose)3. Disorientation (overdose)4. Excitement5. Dizziness6. Nausea7. Lassitude (Lack of energy)

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CVS

1. Hypotension2. Palpitations3. Bradycardia/tachycardia

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GI

1. Dry mouth

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - Respiratory

1. Thickening of bronchial secretions2. Dry throat

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GU

1. Dysuria

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Special Considerations

1. Most side effects are dose-related2. Discontinue if exaggerated side effects occur

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1. Anti-emetic

2. Antihistamine

3. Anticholinergic

4. Anti-vertigo

1. Inhibits vestibular (labyrinth) stimulation from motion

2. Inhibits cholinergic stimulation in vestibular and reticular systems, which may cause nausea and vomiting

1. Prevention or control of nausea caused by administration of narcotics and/or motion sickness

2. Also has a mild sedative effect for patients about to be moved

1. Known sensitivity to Dimenhydrinate,
Diphenhydramine or caffeine derivatives

1. Glaucoma / Increased intraocular pressure

2. Asthma / COPD

3. Cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease and hypertension)

4. Prostatic hyperplasia and urinary obstruction

5. Elderly due to anticholinergic effect

6. Caution in pregnant women (risks/benefits)

1. 25 to 50 mg

2. 12.5 mg in the frail elderly patient

1. IM given as a direct injection

2. IV diluted with D5W or normal saline

3. Given over 1 minute (25 mg/min maximum)

1. Drowsiness

2. Ataxia (overdose)

3. Disorientation (overdose)

4. Excitement

5. Dizziness

6. Nausea

7. Lassitude (Lack of energy)

1. Hypotension

2. Palpitations

3. Bradycardia/tachycardia

1. Thickening of bronchial secretions

2. Dry throat

1. Most side effects are dose-related

2. Discontinue if exaggerated side effects occur