Disease, Defence & Treatment GLOSSARY KEYWORDS Flashcards
A micro-organism that causes disease
Pathogen
A protein originating on a cell surface that acts as a marker to other cells
Antigen
an organism too small to be seen by the naked eye
micro-organism
a protein, secreted by lymphocytes that neutralises toxins
antitoxin
a type of white blood cell that detects specific antigens
lymphocyte
a test for the presence of specific antigens
immunoassay
identical, specific proteins produced in large numbers (by hybridomas)
monoclonal antibodies
micro-organisms that have a cell-wall, but no nucleus
Bacterium
an illness
disease
a specific protein (produced by a lymphocyte) that attaches to an antigen
antibody
the parasite that causes malaria
plasmodium
when it can be passed from person to person
communicable
drug tests in which neither the doctor nor the patient know whether the pill is the drug or placebo
double-blind trials
the ability to produce antibodies against a specific pathogen so quickly that symptoms are not experienced
immunity
the bacterium that causes chlamydia
chlamydia trachomatis
a chemical taken in a drugs trial that has no effect on the organism
placebo
the use of chemicals (rather than radiation) to treat cancer
chemotherapy
the community of micro-organisms occurring naturally on the skin surface
skinflora
a cell (formed from fusing a B-lymphocyte and a tumour cell) that divides indefinitely to produce monoclonal antibodies
hybridoma
a type of white blood cell that engulfs/ingests non-self material
phagocyte
the genus of mosquito that transmits the malarial parasite, plasmodium
anopheles
an injection used to provide immunity to a particular disease
vaccination
pathogen
micro-organisms that cause disease
Name the 4 types of microorganisms that can cause disease?
Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
Single celled organisms (protists)