Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathology > Diseases Of The Digestive System (Q3,Ch.10) > Flashcards

Diseases Of The Digestive System (Q3,Ch.10) Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aphthous Stomatitis

A

Common condition characterized by the formation of tiny white ulcers, which form at the base of the gums, lips, and cheeks called canker sores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Thrush

A

A fungal infection of the oral cavity caused by candida albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cold sores/fever blisters

A

Sores in the mouth caused by herpes, Symplex virus 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mucus Patches

A

Inflammatory lesions in the mouth caused by treponema pallidum

(Treponema pallidum also causes syphilis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx/throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Esophagitis

A

Inflammation of the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes esophagitis?

A
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux (Disease) (GERD)
  • GERD occurs when gastric contents are passively regurgitated into the esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hematemesis

A
  • Vomiting of blood from the stomach - often associated with gastritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ulcer

A
  • A localized area of necrosis on the skin or mucous membrane
  • Dead tissue is loft off, often resulting in a hole or crater at the site
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Peptic ulcers

A
  • Ulcers which occurred in the stomach and duodenum
  • The name is derived from the digestive enzyme known as pepsin
  • secretion of an excess amount of gastric juices is usually associated with the formation of peptic ulcers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are ulcers serious?

A
  • The ulcer may become a hemorrhage
  • Ulcers may also perforate through the wall of the stomach or intestine, allowing for the contents of the digestive track to reach the abdominal cavity. This may cause peritonitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Peritonitis

A

Infection of the lining membrane of the abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Enteritis

A

Inflammation of the small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Proctitis

A

Inflammation of the rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of vermiform appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Common Intestine Infections

A
  • Amoebic dysentery
  • typhoid fever
  • bacillary dysentery
  • tuberculosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What bacteria causes amoebic dysentery

A

Entamoeba hystolytica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What bacteria causes typhoid fever?

A

Salmonella typhi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What bacteria causes bacillary dysentery
Shigella
26
Common causes for food poisoning
- staphylococcus aureus - clostridium perfringens - clostridium botulinum
27
Common bacterial causes of enteritis
Escherichia coli Other enteric bacilli
28
Diverticulosis
The condition of having one or more diverticula (abnormal sac or pouch in the walls of a hollow organ)
29
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of one or more diverticula
30
Diverticula
An abnormal sac or pouch in the colon or a hollow organ
31
What bacteria causes tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
32
Hemorrhoids
- Varicose veins in the rectal areas - Can be caused by: Any pressure in the veins in the rectal areas or obstructs the outflow of blood from the pelvic cavity ex. Hemorrhoids caused by: Pregnancy, constipation, tumors, enlarged prostate glands, portal obstruction from liver conditions
33
Hernia
- Protrusion of an organ through the walls of the body cavity in which it is contained - Three types of hernias: abdominal, inguinal, hiatal
34
Abdominal Hernia
Tear or weak spot develops in the musculature of the abdominal wall, part of the peritoneum, or a loop of intestine, pushes through its opening
35
Inguinal Hernia
A hernia that occurs in the groin area
36
Umbilical Hernia
Hernias that occur in infants due to imperfect closure of the abdominal wall in the area where the umbilical cord was attached
37
Hiatal Hernia
Herniation of part of the stomach through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm
38
Hepatitis
- Inflammation of the liver - most common cause of hepatitis are several strains of viruses
39
Hepatitis A/Infectious Hepatitis
- caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) - A food borne or waterborne illness - Usually less serious form of hepatitis
40
Hepatitis B
- Caused by Hepatitis B virus - more serious than Hep A; May result in chronic hepatitis and liver damage/liver cancer
41
Hepatitis C/non-A, non-B Hepatitis
- caused by Hepatitis C virus - can cause more liver disease than Hep B - Considered the “silent epidemic”; chills more people than AIDs
42
Cirrhosis
A long-term degeneration of functioning cells of the liver, with a proliferation of fibrous connective tissue and scarring
43
Jaundice/Icterus
- A condition (symptom of a disease) produced when excess amounts of bilirubin circulating in the blood stream dissolve in the subcutaneous fat
44
Effects of Jaundice
- Ascites - Edema - hemorrhage
45
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
46
Cholelithiasis
Formation of gall stones
47
Cholangitis
Inflammation of the bile ducts
48
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas Causes: gallstone blockages, chronic alcoholism, idiopathic
49
Ulcerative Colitis
A disease that causes ulcers in the lining of the rectum and lower part of the colon, but may affect the entire large intestine - An inflammatory bowel disease (inflammatory diseases of the small intestine and colon) - Idiopathic disorder
50
Crohn's Disease
- A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract. - Usually occurs in the small intestine
51
Ulcerative Colitis vs. Crohn's Disease
- Crohn's disease causes inflammation deeper within the intestinal wall than ulcerative colitis
52
Proctocolectomy
Surgery to remove the colon and rectum
53
Colostomy
- a surgical operation in which a piece of the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon. - The opening created is called a stoma - Intestine is separated and attached to the stoma
54
Bronze Diabetes
A rare form of diabetes that affects the liver's ability to metabolize iron - causes an enlargement of the liver and a bronze skin discoloration
55
Stomach/Gastric Cancer
- Cancer that occurs in the stomach.
56
Liver Cancer
- Cancer that occurs in the cells of the liver. - most common liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma
57
Different Types of Obstructions/Ways to Cause Obstructions
- Adhesion - Paralysis of the peristaltic muscles - Intussusception/Invagination - Volvus
58
Adhesion
- obstruction in the intestine after a surgery where the two sides grow together, closing the lumen of the intestine
59
Paralysis of the peristaltic muscles in the bowel
- Paralysis of peristaltic muscles prevents movement of materials within the bowel, leading to obstruction
60
Peristalsis
the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
61
Intussusception/Invagination
One part of the intestine slips into a previous segment of the intestine
62
Volvus
- Intestine twists on itself

Pathology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions