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Y2 Neuro > Disorders > Flashcards

Disorders Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What is the treatment of schizophrenia

A

Dopamine antagonists

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2
Q

What is depressive disorder probably due to

A

Monoamine deficiency
Serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline

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3
Q

Provoking factors of seizures

A

Alcohol withdrawal
Drug abuse
Electrolyte imbalance
Hypoglycaemia
Acute head injury

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4
Q

What may focal onset strokes progress to

A

Focal to bilateral tonic clonic

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5
Q

What are two generalised idiopathic seizures

A

Childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

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6
Q

What does the PCA supply

A

Occipital lobes, cerebellum and brain stem

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7
Q

What results on subcortical stroke

A

Lacunar stroke- small deep perforating arteries

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8
Q

What causes POCS - posterior circulation syndrome

A

PCA, vertebral and basilar artery stroke
Affects brainstem, cerebellum and cortex

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9
Q

Difference between TACS and PACS

A

PACS has 2/3 TACS criteria

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10
Q

Which stroke has loss of consciousness

A

POCS

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11
Q

Unilateral weakness and or sensory deficit of face or arms sign of what stroke

A

TACS or PACS

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12
Q

Ataxic hemiparesis sign of what stroke?

A

Lacunar stroke

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13
Q

What lobes are involved in FTD and what problem

A

Frontal lobe - personality change, dysexecutive syndrome

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14
Q

Lewy Body Dementia

A

Temporal and occipital lobe
Hallucinosis, fluctuant working memory and posterior apraxia

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15
Q

What lobe is involved in working memory

A

Parietal and also frontal

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16
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

Temporal lobe- anterograde amnesia, semantic recognition deficits

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17
Q

Problems with fluency- what dementia

A

Anterior, frontal dementia- Aphasia

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18
Q

Problems with language- what dementia

A

Temporal

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19
Q

Problems with visuo-spatial - what dementia

20
Q

What drugs for dementia

Study These Flashcards
A

Achesterase inhibitors

21
Q

What kind of migraine has brainstem aura

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A

Basilar type migraine

22
Q

What are two GI symptoms of migraines

Study These Flashcards
A

Gastroparesis and vomitting

23
Q

What are symptoms of trigeminal autonomic cephalgias

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A

Autonomic features like pertussis(droopy eyelids, eyelids that go red or stream with tears), increased or reduced sweating and nasal stuffiness or runny nose

24
Q

Symptoms of arterial dissection

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A

Pain that radiates up one of the eyes
Tearing
Horner’s syndrome

25
What other CNS pathology can SAH cause and treatment
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome CCBs
26
Presentation of Temporal Arteritis
Above 60yo usually Tender over temporal artery, jaw claudication Acute visual loss ep, often ischemic visual loss Horizontal visual loss ( one half)
27
Testing for headaches ( SAH) After how many hours
CT head first If negative must go lumbar puncture Check for blood (bilirubin) in CSF unusually will have inflammatorty markers like CRP. ( If blood is in CSF for more than 12 hours it would be broken down to billiburin) If negative excludes SAH up to 2 weeks after onset
28
Drug to treat migraine
Triptan
29
What stage of MS is microglia important in
Progressive MS
30
What are two autoimmune diseases of PNS and where do they affect
Guillain Barre syndrome- nerves in PNS Myasthenia Gravis- NMJ
31
What is scarring in MS due to
Proliferation of astrocytes in damaged areas of the Nervous System
32
What are risk factors for MS
Obesity EBV Vit D Smoking Genetics
33
Three stages of MS
Relapsing remitting Relapsing with persistent deficits Progressive
34
What cause TACS or PACS
ACA or MCA
35
Risk factors of seizures
Family history Febrile convulsions Significant HI Encephalistis/ meningitis
36
First line of tests for epilepsy
MRI or CT
37
Red flags for headaches
Associated focal neurological deficits- weak/numb down one side, reduced consciousness, confusion Systemic features like feverA Papilloedema
38
EEG during migraine
Slows down
39
What category of disorders in cerebellar loop
Coordination disorders
40
What is the arcuate fasciculus
white matter bundle connecting broca's to wernicke's
41
What is non-infectious meningitis
Aseptic meningitis, caused by diseases like cancer, lupus, head injury, drugs
42
What can diffuse inflammation in the CNS cause
delirium
43
How long must stroke last for it to be considered a stroke
More than 24 hrs
44
Greatest risk factor for stroke
Smoking
45
Recommended imaging for epilepsy
MRI!! Then CT

Y2 Neuro (3 decks)

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