Disorders of Glucose Metabolism Flashcards
(49 cards)
occurs AFTER 10 HOURS without food intake
a. post-absorptive/fasting hypoglycemia (neurogylcopenic)
b. post-prandial/alimentary/reactive hypoglycemia (neurogenic)
a. post-absorptive/fasting hypoglycemia (neurogylcopenic)
secondary to hyperinsulinism, hormonal deficiencies, genetic disorders, autoimmunity or drug-induced
a. post-absorptive/fasting hypoglycemia (neurogylcopenic)
b. post-prandial/alimentary/reactive hypoglycemia (neurogenic)
a. post-absorptive/fasting hypoglycemia (neurogylcopenic)
occurs usually within 4 HOURS AFTER eating a meal
a. post-absorptive/fasting hypoglycemia (neurogylcopenic)
b. post-prandial/alimentary/reactive hypoglycemia (neurogenic)
b. post-prandial/alimentary/reactive hypoglycemia (neurogenic)
symptoms of hypoglycemia begin to appear at what plasma glucose level?
50-55mg/dL
tremulousness, palpitations, anxiety, diaphoresis, hunger, and paresthesias
a. neurogenic
b. neuroglycopenia
a. neurogenic
“TPAD”
patient’s with reactive hyperglycemia and it AFFECTS AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
a. neurogenic
b. neuroglycopenia
a. neurogenic
patient’s with FASTING HYPOGLYCEMIA
a. neurogenic
b. neuroglycopenia
b. neuroglycopenia
dizziness, tingling, blurred vision, behavioral changes, seizure, and coma
a. neurogenic
b. neuroglycopenia
b. neuroglycopenia
seizures and coma occur at what plasma glucose level?
≤40mg/dL
Diagnostic Criteria for Hypoglycemia: ____
Includes:
- symptoms of hypoglycemia
- low plasma glucose level
- relief of symptoms with correction of hypoglycemia
Whipple’s Triad of Hypoglycemia
pancreatic tumor that hyper-secretes insulin
insulinoma
change in glucose level ≥25mg/dL (under controlled fasting condition) coincident with:
↑ /↓
__ insulin (≥41.7 pmol/L)
__ proinsulin (≥5 pmol/L)
__ C-peptide (≥0.2 nmol/L)
__ B-hydroxybutyrate levels (≤2.7 mmol/L)
↑ insulin (≥41.7 pmol/L)
↑ proinsulin (≥5 pmol/L)
↑ C-peptide (≥0.2 nmol/L)
↓ B-hydroxybutyrate levels (≤2.7 mmol/L)
hyperglycemic disorder
diabetes mellitus
B-cell destruction leading to absolute insulin deficiency
Type 1
immune-mediated DM
Type 1a
idiopathic (unknown etiology) DM
Type 1b
insulin resistance with progressive insulin deficiency
Type 2
genetic defects of B-cell function DM
Type 3a
genetic defects in insulin action DM
Type 3b
disease of the exocrine pancreas DM
(pancreatitis, pancreatectomy, pancreatic cancer/neoplasia, cystic fibrosis, hemochromatosis, fibrocalculous pancreatopathy)
Type 3c
endocrinopathies DM
Type 3d
drug or chemical-induced DM
Type 3e
infections DM
Type 3f
uncommon forms of immune-mediated diabetes
Type 3g
