Distribution & Abundance; Population Dynamics Flashcards
(33 cards)
What influences the boundaries of a population?
physical, chemical, and biological factors
What are the three distribution patterns?
clumped, uniform, random
What are the three types of intraspecific interactions?
attraction > clumped; repelling > uniform; ignoring > random
How does the physical environment influence distribution?
resource distribution (patchy or uniform), defensible or indefensible area
Animals that are smaller have a ______ population density.
higher
What are the three factors in determining species rarity?
geographic range, habitat tolerance (ability to adapt), local population size
What are the dispersal types?
diffusion, jump, and secular
How does diffusion dispersal work?
gradual movement through a suitable habitat over multiple generations
How does jump dispersal work?
rapid movement from one place to another, without settling in between, in an individual’s lifetime
How does secular dispersal work?
expanding populations differ from original–evolutionary time frame
metapopulation
population characterized by local extinctions and recolonizations
What adds to a population?
natality and immigration
What subtracts from a population?
death and emigration
What is a cohort study used for?
determining mortality
cohort
group of individuals in a population that are the same age
What are the different ways to measure population density?
full census, sampling, mark-recapture/removal, relative density
What is represented by lx?
survivorship: proportion of original population living
What kind of scale does a survivorship curve use?
log scale
How does a type I survivorship curve work?
juvenile survival is high and most mortality occurs in older population
How does a type II survivorship curve work?
individuals die at an equal rate, regardless of age
How does a type III survivorship curve work?
juvenile survivorship is low and death rates are lower in older population
What are the two ways to assess survivorship without following a cohort?
age at death and age structure (snapshot of age distribution in current population)
What does mx represent?
average number of births per age class
What does lxmx represent?
offspring produce discounted for mortality
