district exam :( Flashcards
(56 cards)
ion
an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons
cation
ion with a positive charge, metals, loses electrons
anion
an ion with a negative charge, gains electrons, nonmetals
octet rule
atoms lose, gain, or share valence electrons to have eight valence electrons in order to be stable
what charge does a zinc ion always have
2+
what charge does silver ion always have
1+
IUPAC
international union of pure and applied chemistry
what does IUPAC do
responsible for setting the standards for atomic mass values, measurements, nomenclature
monatomic ion
a single atom that gains or loses electrons
how do you name monatomic ions that are cations
-write the parent name then write ion
how do you name monatomic ions that are anions
write the parent name, add -ide then write ion
note for naming monatomic anions
you usually add the ide after the first syllable
when do you use the stock system
transition elements and group 14 because they form more than one cation
how do you use the stock system
write the name of the element, followed by a roman numeral to indicate charge
when do you NOT use stock system
for zinc or silver because they form one ion
chemical formula
abbreviation for substance or molecule with element symbols and substances in a definite ratio
binary ionic compounds
a compound that includes one cation and one anion (a metal and a non metal)
writing binary ionic compounds
write the symbol and charges for the metal and nonmetal. criss cross the charges, drop the sign and write each number as a subscript (except 1)
exception for writing binary ionic compounds
the charges will cancel if its a positive and negative of the same number. ex: Fe2+ S2- becomes FeS
naming binary ionic compounds
name the cation, name the anion and change the end to -ide, use stock system for transition metals
polyatomic ion
a charged group of two or more bonded atoms that are bonded together by a covalent bond
polyatomic compund
a compound that includes a cation and a polyatomic ion
what do parentheses do in a polyatomic compound
separate an ion and its subscript
writing polyatomic compounds
write the symbol for the cation and the polyatomic ion, criss cross the charges, drop the sign, write each number as a subscript. use parentheses
