Disturbances of GH secretion (essay) & Thyroid gland (essay)

Question 1

Increase GH secretion may lead to :

Answer 1

Gigantism & Acromegaly

Question 2

Gigantism (if occurs in Childhood before closure of epiphyses) there is :

Answer 2

-Increase linear growth of bones leads to tall stature

-Increase growth of Muscles & Viscera

-Hyperglycemia & Diabetes mellitus

Question 3

Acromegaly (if occur in Adulthood after closure of epiphyses) :

Answer 3

->Due to closure of epiphysis there is no more linear growth but there is :

-Increase in Thickness of bone especially Skull (enlarged skull with protruded mandible), Hands & Feet

-Increase of Muscle & Viscera

-Hyperglycemia & Diabetes mellitus

Question 4

Decrease GH secretion may lead to :

Answer 4

Dwarfism

Question 5

Dwarfism :

Answer 5

Arrested or retarded Growth & Short stature

Question 6

Goiter is an :

Answer 6

Enlargement of the Thyroid gland

Question 7

The most common type of Goiter is :

Answer 7

Endemic Goiter caused by iodine deficiency, it is usually associated with hypothyroidism

Question 8

Hyperthyroidism ;
Thyrotoxicosis symptoms :

Answer 8

-Increase basal metabolic rate
-Increase heart rate
-Increased appetite
-Increase heat production
-Heat intolerance
-Nervousness
-Insomnia
-Tremors
-Protrusion of the eye (Exophthalmos)

Question 9

Hypothyroidism ;
Myxedema (in adult) symptoms :

Answer 9

-Decrease basal metabolic rate
-Decrease heart rate
-Decreased appetite
-Decrease heat production
-Cold intolerance
-Sleepiness
-Muscle weakness
-Myxedematous tissue

Question 10

Hypothyroidism ;
Cretinism (in infants & children) symptoms :

Answer 10

-Facial features include : Swollen eye lids , Depressed nose with wide nostrils , Enlarged protruded tongue

-Delayed physical growth leading to short stature

-Mental retardation & Sexual immaturity

Question 11

Calcitonin hormone :

Answer 11

Decreases blood calcium