Diuretics

Question 1

All diuretic types

Answer 1

Osmotic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Thiazide like
Thiazide
Loop
Potassium sparing

Question 2

Functional Location of Osmotic Diuretic

Answer 2

Inhibit water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule and the thin descending loop of Henle and collecting duct. (glomerulus?)

Question 3

Osmotic example

Answer 3

Mannitol

Question 4

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Functional Location

Answer 4

Proximal convoluted tubule (second loop). Inhibit the enzyme responsible for bicarbonate reabsorption.

Question 5

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Example

Answer 5

Acetazolamide

Question 6

Thiazide and Thiazide Like Diuretic Functional Location

Answer 6

Distal convoluted tubule (near middle)

Competitive inhibition of sodium chloride transporter. Promote Na+ excretion.

Question 7

Thiazide Diuretic Example

Answer 7

Bendroflumethiazide

Question 8

Thiazide Like Diuretic Example

Answer 8

Indapamide

Question 9

Loop Diuretic Functional Location

Answer 9

Ascending loop of Henle (where joins DCT).

Inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter (NKCC2). Reduce osmotic gradient in medulla.

Question 10

Loop Diuretic Example

Answer 10

Furosemide

Question 11

Potassium Sparing Diuretic Functional Location

Answer 11

Collecting duct and distal convoluted tubules (end of them)

Help retain K+, block Na+ channel, or antagonize aldosterone receptors.

Question 12

Potassium Sparing Diuretic Example

Answer 12

Spironolactone/amiloride