MI, Angina, HF Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is a myocardial infarction?
Blockage of blood supply to heart.
MI Causes
Atherosclerosis leads to clot commonly.
(cholesterol deposits, platelet aggregation, plaque blocking blood supply, embolism)
What is angina?
Attacks of chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart.
What is heart failure?
Heart is unable to pump blood around the body properly, sufficiently to what the body needs.
Treatments for MI
Aspirin/warfarin. (stop clots)
Beta blockers (reduce heart rate, contractility force)
ACEi (blood pressure)
Statins (plaques, cholestrol)
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE (GTN)
Vasodilator. (of coronary arteries, arterioles, more blood to heart)
Dilates coronary collateral allowing more blood flow around occluded vessels
MI Surgeries
Angioplasty (balloon) smooth out plaques.
Stent hold vessel open.
Surgically graft vessels around occlusions to offer bypass.
Aspirin and Clopidogrel.
Reduce activation of platelets
Reduces thrombus formation and
adherence to the developing plaques.
Treatment of Angina
Reduce Demand and increase supply.
GTN, CCB. (vasodilators)
Venodilation.
Betablockers
How to increase blood flow to the heart?
Clot busters, vasodilators
How to reduce amount of work the heart has to do?
Vasodilators, diuretics, betablockers
How to increase cardiac output
Cardiac glycosides, beta agonists
Beta antagonists vs agonists
Beta agonists for acute heart failure desperately need to increase work of heart.
Beta blockers long term chronic heart failure reduce stress on the muscle, reduce heart rate and contraction.
Vasodilators
GTN
CCB- amlodipine
Chronic Heart Failure Treatment
ACEi
Beta blockers
Diuretics
Ivabradine (slows heart by direction on SA node)
SGLT2 Inhibtiors
SGLT2-inhibtiors
Sodium Glucose co transporter 2 inhibitors
Inotropes (for acute heart failure)
Increase force of contraction of heart.
Cardiac glycosides (digoxin)
Beta agonists( dobutamine)
