DIVERSE PLACES CASE STUDIES Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
Managing Urban Change: Slough
A
- Urban Planning for Diversity: Cities have implemented mixed-use developments, cultural quarters, and regeneration projects to promote integration (e.g., London’s East End regeneration).
- Housing and Service Provision: Local governments manage housing shortages by building affordable homes, regulating overcrowding (e.g., tackling “sheds with beds” in Slough), and adapting public services like healthcare and education
- Community Cohesion Initiatives: Councils and NGOs run programs to promote social integration (e.g., Aik Saath in Slough working to ease racial tensions)
- Legal and Policy Interventions: National and local policies, such as equal opportunity laws and funding allocations, help ensure fair access to jobs, education, and welfare for migrant and ethnic minority groups
- Education and Social Inclusion: Schools play a key role in integrating new arrivals by providing English language support, celebrating cultural diversity, and fostering positive interactions between different ethnic groups
2
Q
Issues In Slough
A
- 50% pupils start school unable to speak English.
- 52% of pupils from Poland.
- Saved school from closing down.
- Misconceptions about Polish community.
- 150 languages in the town.
- 54% voted Brexit.
- Perceptions – “people losing jobs”.
- “Too many Polish/ Indian”
- Economic success - £558 p/w wages
- Businesses rely on workers – work ethic and ‘friends’
- White flight
- Ignorance – lack of respect
3
Q
Rural Stakeholders
A
- EU: Objective 1 Programme - operates within areas of most need and supports the development of regions that are significantly falling behind the rest of Europe e.g. Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly, West Wales and the Valleys
LEADER programme - funding is available (£138mil 2015-2020) to local businesses, communities, farmers, foresters and land managers to fund projects that create jobs, help your business to grow, and benefit the rural economy. - DEFRA: We are the UK government department responsible for safeguarding our natural environment, supporting our world-leading food and farming industry, and sustaining a thriving rural economy
They support the Rural Development Programme for England (RDPE), which works to make England’s agriculture and forestry sectors more competitive, to improve the quality of life in rural areas and to diversify rural economies. - ACRE: Is a charity. Acts as a national body for the 38 rural community councils who make up the ACRE Network. The voice for rural communities. Promotes local rural initiatives.
- Scottish Rural Network: The Scottish Rural Network (SRN) encourages rural development by sharing information, ideas and good practice
- Natural England: The government’s adviser for the natural environment in England, helping to protect England’s nature and landscapes for people to enjoy and for the services they provide. Natural England is an executive non-departmental public body, sponsored by the Defra. Grants to farmers for various agri-environmental schemes.
- Conservationist/ environmentalist groups: Concerned with protecting the natural environment.
- Local action groups: Funding is awarded by Local Action Groups (LAGs) who take decisions on projects which are community driven and have a wide community benefit. LAGs are a partnership made up of representatives from: The local council, local enterprise company, business people, other public agencies, voluntary action groups, community groups.
- Heritage Lottery: Distribute the heritage share of National Lottery funding, supporting a wide variety of projects across the UK. Although they are not a government department, the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport issues financial and policy instructions to them, and they report to Parliament through DCMS. Their decisions about individual applications and policies are entirely independent of the Government.
4
Q
Rural Regeneration: Cornwall
A
- Many young people leave for university and don’t return (brain drain)
- Lowest mean weekly earnings in the UK
- Average earnings (2014) in Cornwall were £14,300 compared to £23,300 in the UK – making it the UK’s poorest region
- Unemployment relatively low, but issue with ‘in-work’ poverty – due to gig economy. Many jobs are seasonal and low pay, or zero hours.
- 40% of households live on less than £10,000
- Relatively high cost of living considering deprivation levels.
- Cornwall had traditional economy of fishing, farming and mining.
- These industries have declined due to cheaper imports from abroad, reduction in EU subsidies, EU quotas to protect fishing stocks, depletion of tin and copper for mining and mechanization of quarrying.
- Today – knowledge economy is small. Main source of income is tourism sector – low paid and seasonal. Referred to as the ‘post-production’ countryside as it no longer makes most of income from primary sector.
- Investors are put off due to its location and low population density.
5
Q
Managing Cornwall
A
- Regeneration aim is to increase attractiveness to visitors and visitors whilst improving services for local people. Cornwall have attempted regeneration in a number of ways:
- Attracting investment – Objective One Funding (EU)
- Regional Aid - Enterprise Zones e.g. Newquay Aerohub
- Training – Watergate Bay Extreme Sports Academy & Jamie Oliver’s restaurant ‘Fifteen’
- Knowledge economy & Education – Combined Universities in Cornwall (CUC)
- Investment in research – Wave power project (partly funded by UK gov and EU)
- Flagship developments - The Eden Project
- Heritage rebranding - embracing mining heritage to attract tourists. Rebranded as Poldark country
- Destination tourism - focusing on encouraging tourists to visit to see one main attraction (in the hope they then stay to see more)
- Farm diversification - Farm shops sell ‘Cornish’ products e.g. Yarg cheese.
- Microbreweries - Padstow Brewing Company – doesn’t rely solely on tourism
6
Q
Age Structures in Wingrove and Llanmadoc
(2021 Census)
A
- 7.1% of the the population in Wingrove between the ages 0-4.
- 0.6% of the the population in Wingrove between the ages 85-89.
- 19.5% of the the population in Wingrove between the ages 30-44.
- 14.2% of the the population in Llanmadoc between the ages 65-74.
- 1.4% of the the population in Llanmadoc are 15.
7
Q
Ethnic group structures in Wingrove and Llanmadoc
(2021 Census)
A
- 0% of the population is Indian in Llanmadoc
- 2.7% of the population is Non-British white in Llanmadoc
- 14.7% of the population is Pakistani in Wingrove
- 97.0% of the population British in Llanmadoc
- 50% of the population white in Wingrove
8
Q
Religious structures in Wingrove and Llanmadoc
(2021 Census)
A
- 71.9% of the population has a religion in Wingrove
- 29.8% of the population is Muslim in Wingrove
- 34.3% of the population is Christian in Wingrove
- 62.2% of the population is Christian in Llanmadoc
9
Q
Housing tenure in Wingrove and Llanmadoc
(2021 Census)
A
- 32.1% of the population socially rents in Wingrove
- 88.2% of the population own their home in Llanmadoc
