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Flashcards in DNA Deck (52)
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1
Q

What is the DNA shape called

A

Double helix

2
Q

Waht does dna do

A

Makes us who we are

3
Q

What are the two strands of dna done

A

Twisted round like a spiral staircase

4
Q

Waht are the two sides joined together by

A

Bases

5
Q

What are the four types of bases

A

A T C G

6
Q

What two bases line together

A

A and T

C and G

7
Q

What are scientists now able to do

A

Sequence dna in most living things

8
Q

What does sequence mean

A

Work out the order of the bases which are a t c g

9
Q

Name 3 ways dna fingerprinting can be used

A

To produce designer babies
To create medicines
To create new foods

10
Q

What does the scrotum do

A

Holds testes

11
Q

What do the testes do

A

Make sperm

12
Q

What does the sperm tube do

A

Carries sperm to penis

13
Q

What does the penis do

A

Carries sperm out of the body

14
Q

Where does fertilisation take place

A

In the oviduct (fallopian tube)

15
Q

What do the ovarys do

A

Make eggs

16
Q

What does the oviduct do

A

Carries egg to uterus

17
Q

What does the vagina do

A

Recieves sperm

18
Q

Where does the baby grow

A

Uterus

19
Q

What is the black dot on cells

A

Nucleus

20
Q

What does the tail do on the sperm

A

Help the sperm swim to the egg

21
Q

What does the nucleus contain

A

All the genetic information

22
Q

Waht is the head of the sperm

A

Strong to break into the egg

23
Q

Waht is the outer part of the egg for

A

Food store

24
Q

What are four things the foetus needs when relying on its mother

A

Protection
Oxygen
Nutrients
Removal of waster substances

25
Q

What does the amniotic fluid do

A

Protects the foetus

26
Q

What is the placenta responsible for

A

Letting substances pass from the mother to the child through the umbilical cord

27
Q

What does the amniotic sac do

A

Hold the amniotic fluid

28
Q

What is the ovum

A

Female sex cell

29
Q

What is the zygote

A

Fertilised egg

30
Q

What is the blastocyst

A

The newly dividing cells

31
Q

What is the embryo

A

Fertilised egg up till 8 weeks

32
Q

What is the foetus

A

From 8 weeks to birth

33
Q

How many chromosomes do human body cells have

A

46

34
Q

How many chromosomes from each parent

A

23

35
Q

What genes come as

A

Pairs

36
Q

What do we call the letter someone has

A

Genotype

37
Q

What is one form of gene

A

The dominant gene. Stronger than the other

38
Q

What is another form of gene called

A

The weaker gene. The recessive gene

39
Q

What does a capital letter mean

A

Dominant gene

40
Q

What does a small letter mean

A

Recessive gene

41
Q

What does yeast need to help it grow

A

Agar jelly

42
Q

What are microbes

A

A bacterial disease

43
Q

What are the three main types of microbes

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi

44
Q

How much percent of bacteria causes disease

A

5%

45
Q

What is helpful to humans about fungi

A

E.g. yeast makes bread and vinigar

46
Q

Are viruses helpful to humans

A

No

47
Q

Is bacteria harmful to humans

A

Many

48
Q

What is bacteria to humans in a harmful way

A

Harmless in the digestive system but can cause death if enters blood

49
Q

Are viruses harmful to humans

A

Always, smallpox, plant leaf virus, swine flu

50
Q

What can fungi do to humans

A

Cause skin and nail infections

51
Q

What does fungi do that is harmless to humans

A

Rot food

52
Q

Name four ways bacteria is helpful to humans

A
  1. Help digest our food
  2. Help make compost from food remains
  3. Helps make alcohol and vinegar
  4. Helps make foods like yhogurt and cheese