What is the DNA shape called
Double helix
Waht does dna do
Makes us who we are
What are the two strands of dna done
Twisted round like a spiral staircase
Waht are the two sides joined together by
Bases
What are the four types of bases
A T C G
What two bases line together
A and T
C and G
What are scientists now able to do
Sequence dna in most living things
What does sequence mean
Work out the order of the bases which are a t c g
Name 3 ways dna fingerprinting can be used
To produce designer babies
To create medicines
To create new foods
What does the scrotum do
Holds testes
What do the testes do
Make sperm
What does the sperm tube do
Carries sperm to penis
What does the penis do
Carries sperm out of the body
Where does fertilisation take place
In the oviduct (fallopian tube)
What do the ovarys do
Make eggs
What does the oviduct do
Carries egg to uterus
What does the vagina do
Recieves sperm
Where does the baby grow
Uterus
What is the black dot on cells
Nucleus
What does the tail do on the sperm
Help the sperm swim to the egg
What does the nucleus contain
All the genetic information
Waht is the head of the sperm
Strong to break into the egg
Waht is the outer part of the egg for
Food store
What are four things the foetus needs when relying on its mother
Protection
Oxygen
Nutrients
Removal of waster substances
What does the amniotic fluid do
Protects the foetus
What is the placenta responsible for
Letting substances pass from the mother to the child through the umbilical cord
What does the amniotic sac do
Hold the amniotic fluid
What is the ovum
Female sex cell
What is the zygote
Fertilised egg
What is the blastocyst
The newly dividing cells
What is the embryo
Fertilised egg up till 8 weeks
What is the foetus
From 8 weeks to birth
How many chromosomes do human body cells have
46
How many chromosomes from each parent
23
What genes come as
Pairs
What do we call the letter someone has
Genotype
What is one form of gene
The dominant gene. Stronger than the other
What is another form of gene called
The weaker gene. The recessive gene
What does a capital letter mean
Dominant gene
What does a small letter mean
Recessive gene
What does yeast need to help it grow
Agar jelly
What are microbes
A bacterial disease
What are the three main types of microbes
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
How much percent of bacteria causes disease
5%
What is helpful to humans about fungi
E.g. yeast makes bread and vinigar
Are viruses helpful to humans
No
Is bacteria harmful to humans
Many
What is bacteria to humans in a harmful way
Harmless in the digestive system but can cause death if enters blood
Are viruses harmful to humans
Always, smallpox, plant leaf virus, swine flu
What can fungi do to humans
Cause skin and nail infections
What does fungi do that is harmless to humans
Rot food
Name four ways bacteria is helpful to humans
- Help digest our food
- Help make compost from food remains
- Helps make alcohol and vinegar
- Helps make foods like yhogurt and cheese