DNA

Question 1

what is a clone

Answer 1

genetically identical individuals

Question 2

Explain how a change in the DNA base sequence could result in a non-functional enzyme

Answer 2

there is a change in the sequence of amino acids
change in hydrogen/ionic bonding leads to change of tertiary bonding of enzyme
substrate can no longer bind to enzyme

Question 3

which part of DNA contains nitrogen

Answer 3

the nitrogen containing organic base

Question 4

explain how the structue of DNA is related to it’s functions

Answer 4

sugar phosphtae backbone provides strength
long molecule so can store alot of information
helix so compact
base sequences allows information to be stored
double stranded so replication can occur semi conserviatively
weak hydrogen bonds for replication

Question 5

what is the role of ATP in translation

Answer 5

it provides the energy for the bond between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule to form

Question 6

what is translation

Answer 6

second stage of protein synthesis

occurs at ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Question 7

how many codons on mRNA are exposed in the ribosome at a time during translation

Answer 7

2 codons on the mRNA molecule are exposed at any given time