DNA Markers I, II, III Flashcards
(24 cards)
Adenine binds to
Thymine
Guanine binds to
Cytosine
Polyelectrolyte theory of the gene says
The negative charges on the two backbones of the DNA molecule spread it out, giving easier access to the machinery that reads and copies the base sequence
DNA molecule can be copies by means of ______
DNA polymerization reactions
Enzyme responsible for DNA replication
DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the ____ end of a polynucleotide strand
3’ end
Fluorescent molecule used to visualize DNA with UV light
Ethidium bromide
Separation of molecules in an electric field, sorted by size
Elecrophoresis
Method used to amplify specific sequences of DNA (made in 1984)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
A DNA polymerase that can be heated without being distroyed
Taq polymerase
A small unit for reaction tubes that can heat up and cool down quickly - used for PCR
A thermal cycler
Meiosis is a _________ division
Reductional
Maternal inheritance
Via mitochondria
DNA polymorphism
a location on a specific chromosome that has appreciable variation
SNPs
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
VNTRs
Variable number of tandem repeats
STRs
Short tandem repeats
Used when a large amount of DNA is availible
VNTR
Used when only a small amount of DNA is availible
STR
Why are STRs used?
There is no natural selection acting on them
How to calculate the probability of a DNA match between two unrelated people
Using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
First use of DNA evidence to solve a crime
The Pitchfork Case (1986) in england
The first use of DNA evidence to exonerate an innocent person
The Pitchfork Case
The first use of a DNA dragnet
The Pitchfork Case
