DNA Vocab

Question 1

what is RNA

Answer 1

RNA is the “newer” half of the DNA strand (the matching bases)

RNA transports a copy of the DNA molecule to the ribosome where it is then translated into amino acids for proteins

Question 2

What is a codon

Answer 2

A Codon is a sequence of three nucleotides

Question 3

What is a nucleotide

Answer 3

A nucleotide is a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group, they form the basic unit of DNA

Question 4

What is the ribosome

Answer 4

The ribosome is a molecular machine found in the living cells that produces proteins from amino acids (amino acids come from RNA)

Question 5

What are amino acids

Answer 5

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, they are molecules that combine in a long chain to form proteins

Question 6

What is a gene

Answer 6

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity

Question 7

What do genes make up

Answer 7

Genes make up chromosomes,
DNA makes up genes

Question 8

What are gametes

Answer 8

Gametes are reproductive cells

Question 9

What is differential gene expression

Answer 9

Differential gene expression is the basis for cell type diversity (allows different cell types)

Question 10

What is the order/scale of DNA parts

Answer 10

Chromosomes are made of genes
Genes are made of DNA

In order to replicate DNA, it is unwrapped, unzipped by helicase, then matched up with bases to create 2 identical copies

RNA transports one copy to the ribosome, turns into amino acids.

The ribosome is a molecular machine that turns amino acids into proteins.

Amino acids make up proteins