Regents Review Labs

Question 1

Lactose is broken down by _____ into ______ and ______

Answer 1

Lactase
Glucose
Galactose

Question 2

Theme of bird lab

Answer 2

Designing solutions using simulations

Question 3

Theme of Homeostasis Lab

Answer 3

Creating own procedure to test effectiveness of homeostasis (homeostasis is a negative feedback loop that balances certain processes in our bodies to a normal range)

Question 4

What are monosaccharides?

Answer 4

Simple sugars: ex. Glucose, fructose, ribose, etc

Question 5

Elements in Carbohydrates

Answer 5

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
1:2:1

Question 6

Elements in Lipids

Answer 6

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 7

Elements in Proteins

Answer 7

Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon

Question 8

Elements in Nucleic acids

Answer 8

Carbon
Hydrogen

Question 9

What are the monomers of carbohydrates

Answer 9

Monosaccharides: simple sugars

Question 10

What are the monomers of Lipids

Answer 10

Glycerol and Fatty acids

Question 11

What are the monomers of proteins

Answer 11

Amino acids: ex. Valine, Adenine Cysteine, etc (20 dif R groups)

Question 12

What are the monomers for nucleic acids

Answer 12

Nucleotides

Question 13

What is the relationship between enzymes and substrates

Answer 13

Enzymes break down substrates

Question 14

What are the polymers for Carbohydrates

Answer 14

Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen
Starch: plants store glucose
Cellulose: builds up cell walls
Glycogen: Animals store glucose

Question 15

What are the polymers of lipids

Answer 15

Triglyceride (fat)
Phospholipid (cell membrane)
Cholesterol

Question 16

What are the polymers of Proteins

Answer 16

Polypeptides are the polymers of amino acids

Question 17

What are the polymers of Nucleic acids

Answer 17

DNA
RNA

Question 18

Function of carbohydrates

Answer 18

Can be broken down for short term, immediate energy

Question 19

Function of Lipids

Answer 19

Long term energy storage: insulation, build cell membranes

Question 20

Function of Proteins

Answer 20

HEARTS

Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies
Receptors
Transporters
Structural

Question 21

Function of Nucleic Acids

Answer 21

Pass on traits from parent to offspring, code for proteins

Question 22

Difference between poly and monosaccharides (+additional notes)

Answer 22

Monosaccharides taste sweet
Polysaccharides do not

Carbs tend to end in “ose”

Question 23

Enzymes additional notes

Answer 23

Function determined by shape and chemical composition of active site

Are vulnerable to temp and PH changes

Break down substrates into products ex. Polysaccharides into monosaccharides

Enzymes tend to end in “ase”

Amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Specific enzyme needed for each chemical reaction that occurs in cells

Question 24

Nucleic Acids additional notes

Answer 24

Recipe for making proteins in cells